Small-group instruction to improve student performance in mathematics in early grades: Results from a randomized field experiment

Long-Term Effects of School Spending: Evidence from Exiting Cohort Size Variation

“…Taken together, the evidence suggests that our school-spending impacts are first and foremost mediated through changes in the student-teacher ratio that are unrelated to class size. The emerging picture is consistent with positive effects of teacher aides, pull-out teaching and small-group instruction, which finds support in Andersen et al (2020) and Bonesrønning et al (2022).…”

“…Second, while our paper estimates the local average treatment effect for the compliers, many studies estimate intention-to-treat effects which are typically smaller, as we also demonstrate in this study. Third, there are some studies which find significant effects of school resources in Norway, although typically on short-term outcomes or for specific target groups (Bonesrønning et al, 2022;Iversen and Bonesrønning, 2013;Haegeland et al, 2012).…”