Small diameter vascular graft with fibroblast cells and electrospun poly (L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) scaffolds: Cell Matrix Engineering

Abstract

Electrospun scaffolds have been widely used in tissue engineering due to their similar structure to native extracellular matrices (ECM). However, one of the obstacles limiting the application of electrospun scaffolds for tissue engineering is the nano-sized pores, which inhibit cell infiltration into the scaffolds. To overcome this limitation, we approached to make layers which are consisted of cells onto the electrospun sheet and then tubular structure was constructed by rolling. We called this as 'Cell Matrix Engineering' because the electrospun sheets were combined with the cells to form one matrix. They maintained 3-D tubular structures well and their diameters were 4.1 mm (±0.1 mm). We compared the mechanical and biological properties of various vascular grafts with the electrospun PLCL sheets of different thickness. In these experiments, the vascular graft made with thin sheets showed a better cell proliferation and attachment than the grafts made with thick sheets because the thin layer allowed for more efficient mass transfer and better permeability than the thick layer. Culturing under physiological pulsatile flow condition was demonstrated in this work. These dynamic conditions provided the improved mass transport and aerobic cell metabolism. Therefore, the Cell Matrix Engineered vascular graft holds a great promise for clinical applications by overcoming the limitations associated with conventional scaffolds.

Enriched mechanical, thermal, and blood compatibility of single stage electrospun polyurethane nickel oxide nanocomposite for cardiac tissue engineering

“…In another study, Jang et al electrospun small diameter vascular graft comprising poly( l ‐lactide‐ co ‐ε‐caprolactone). In vitro experiments showed that the fabricated vascular graft exhibited better fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation . Hence, these literature showed that the fibroblast cells play a vital role in remodeling the damaged cardiac tissue.…”

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“…Hence, our fabricated composites with a smaller fibre diameter than PU might have favoured the smoother surfaces. It has been reported that fibroblast cell adhesion favours the growth of cardiac tissue (Saporito et al, 2018; Jang et al, 2018). It has been reported that the smooth surface membranes displayed enhanced proliferation rates of fibroblast cells (Huag et al, 2009).…”

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