Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is strongly associated with NIHSS score and intracranial arterial calcification in acute ischemic stroke subjects

Yao, Tao; Long, Qi; Li, Jing; Li, Gang; Ding, Yanbin; Cui, Qin; Liu, Zhichao

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64715-9

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The tool of NIHSS scores is mainly used to evaluate the neurological status of stroke patients, and has important signi cance in individualized treatment, prognosis prediction and correct health education. The higher the scores are, the more severe the nerves damage [10,25]. Our research suggests that the NIHSS scores are positively correlated with the sizes of the cerebellar infarction area, which can indirectly re ect the severity of the infarction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…It is closely related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction [23,24]. Our research suggests that the D-dimer, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides can be used as indicators to predict the severity of the NIHSS scores in patients with cerebellar infarction [25]. The TOAST subtype classi cation standard focuses on the etiological classi cation, which has good credibility in clinical application [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between the imaging manifestations of cerebellar infarction and the clinical characteristics of patients: a retrospective analysis

Wei¹,

Zhang²,

Meng³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the imaging manifestations of cerebellar infarction and the clinical characteristics of patients. Methods A total of 83 patients with acute cerebellar infarction were included in this analysis. The NIHSS score, TOAST classification, CT and MRI examinations and serum laboratory tests were performed. The statistics of the data were carried out through descriptive statistics, T test and analysis of variance. Results Hyperlipidemia (66.3%), hypertension (77.1%) and carotid atherosclerosis (97.6%) were the main underlying causes of cerebellar infarction. Ataxia (67.5%) and brainstem syndrome (60.2%) were main clinical manifestations. Patients with NIHSS score ≤ 5 accounted for the majority (87.9%) and SAO (43.3%) and LAA (50.6%) were the main TOAST classifications. The cerebellar infarction caused by obstruction of SCA accounted for the majority (69.9%) and there was no statistical difference in the detection ability of CTA and MRA (P > 0.05). The incidence of left hemisphere cerebellar infarction was the highest (56.7%) and MRI showed an absolute advantage in showing the area of cerebellar infarction compared with CT (P < 0.001). The serum concentrations of D-dimer, LDL, and triglycerides were higher in patients with high NIHSS scores than in those with low scores (P < 0.05), while the serum HDL levels were just the opposite (P < 0.05). The serum D-dimer concentrations in patients classified as CE by TOAST were higher than that in patients classified as LAA and SAO (P < 0.05), while the serum concentrations of LDL were just the opposite (P < 0.05). The lesion sizes of cerebellar infarction were negatively related to the patient's serum HDL concentrations (P < 0.05) but it positively correlated with the NIHSS scores (P < 0.05). The patients classified as LAA had larger lesion sizes of cerebellar infarction than those classified as SAO and CE (P < 0.001). Conclusions CTA and MRA are comparable in showing the stenosis and obstruction of the cerebellar artery. However, MRI has an absolute advantage in showing the area of cerebellar infarction. The serum concentrations of D-dimer, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides are correlated with the patient’s NIHSS scores, TOAST classification and infarct sizes, which are helpful in evaluating the condition of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between the imaging manifestations of cerebellar infarction and the clinical characteristics of patients: a retrospective analysis

Wei¹,

Zhang²,

Meng³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…In line with these results, a review suggested that dyslipidemia might aggravate atherosclerosis independently of serum LDL-C levels, possibly due to the presence of sd-LDL-C ( 39 ). Worse, uses of statin did not significantly reduce serum sd-LDL-C levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke ( 40 ). Similarly, the present study also observed that proportion of statin use was highest in the first tertile of the LDL-C/Apo B ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Positive Relationship Between the Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/Apoprotein B Ratio and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Lu¹,

Liu²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundDyslipidemia may contribute to low bone turnover in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) through mediating oxidative stress and atherosclerosis. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/apoprotein B (LDL-C/Apo B) ratio is a surrogate marker of small and density low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd-LDL-C), a most harmful group of LDL-Cs. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the LDL-C/Apo B ratio and bone turnover in patients with T2D.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional study enrolled patients with T2D from January 2021 to December 2021. Each participant was assessed for lipid profiles, bone turnover markers (BTMs), lumbar spine (L1-L4) and hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Osteoporosis was diagnosed as a T-score lower than or equal to -2.5 at the spine or hip.ResultsA total of 335 patients with T2D were enrolled in the study, and the LDL-C/Apo B ratio ranged from 0.78 to 4.00. Along with the LDL-C/Apo B ratio tertile ascending, osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal telopeptide (CTx) and N-terminal propeptide of type-I procollagen (PINP) levels gradually increased (all p < 0.05). There were no differences in lumbar spine and hip T-score, proportion of osteoporosis (all p > 0.05) among the three subgroups. The LDL-C/Apo B ratio was positively correlated with lnOC (r = 0.244, p < 0.001), lnCTx (r = 0.226, p < 0.01) and lnPINP (r = 0.211, p < 0.001). These significant positive correlations persisted even when divided into male and female subgroups. Furthermore, three multiple linear regression analyses were constructed to investigate the independent association of the LDL-C/Apo B ratio with the BTMs levels. After adjusting for other clinical parameters, the LDL-C/Apo B ratio was still significantly associated with OC level (β = 0.199, t = 3.348, p < 0.01), CTx level (β = 0.238, t = 4.084, p < 0.001) and PINP level (β = 0.162, t = 2.741, p < 0.01).ConclusionThe LDL-C/Apo B ratio was significantly and positively associated with BTMs in patients with T2D. In clinical practice, more attention should be paid to the patients with T2D whose LDL-C/Apo B ratio is relatively low for the purpose of maintaining bone health.

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“…Also, several studies have shown sdLDL-C was closely related to stroke [ 26 ]. A cross-sectional study included a total of 754 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients indicated that sdLDL-C levels was an independent predictor of NIHSS scores and the severity of cerebral artery calcification [ 34 ]. A study enrolled 530 elderly patients hospitalized within 48 h after stroke suggested high sdLDL-C were associated with a greater risk for ischemic stroke [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between small dense low density lipoprotein and cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Zhang

Ling

2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Residual risk remained significant despite effective low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering treatment. Small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) as part of LDL-C has been found to be predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with stable CHD independently of LDL-C. However, to date, few studies have explored the role of sdLDL-C in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the association of sdLDL-C with CV events in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Methods Patients hospitalized with ACS undergoing PCI were enrolled and followed up for 18 months. The risk of sdLDL-C for CV events was compared according to sdLDL-C quartiles. The primary outcome was major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events (MACCE), which was the composite of all cause of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke or unplanned repeat revascularization. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed to estimate the risk of CV events. Subgroup analysis according to diabetes status and LDL-C were performed separately for MACCE. Results A total of 6092 patients were included in the analysis (age: 60.2 ± 10.13 years, male: 75.3%, BMI: 25.9 ± 3.33 kg/m2, dyslipidemia: 74.1% and diabetes: 44.5%). During 18 months of follow-up, 320 (5.2%) incident CV events occurred. Compared to the lowest sdLDL-C quartile group, patients in the highest quartile had a greater risk of CV events after multivariable adjustment (HR 1.92; 95% CI 1.37–2.70). In addition, it was mainly due to the increase of unplanned repeat revascularization. In the subgroup analyses, significant association was observed regardless of level of LDL-C and diabetes status. Conclusions Patients with elevated sdLDL-C have a higher risk of CV events in Chinese patients with ACS undergoing PCI, providing additional value for better risk assessment.

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Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is strongly associated with NIHSS score and intracranial arterial calcification in acute ischemic stroke subjects

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Correlation between the imaging manifestations of cerebellar infarction and the clinical characteristics of patients: a retrospective analysis

Correlation between the imaging manifestations of cerebellar infarction and the clinical characteristics of patients: a retrospective analysis

The Positive Relationship Between the Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/Apoprotein B Ratio and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Relationship between small dense low density lipoprotein and cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

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