Small cell lung cancer

Leonard, Robert

doi:10.1038/bjc.1989.101

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…In our study, all SCC were p53 positive. SCC is known to be a highly malignant lung tumor with a median survival of a t best 16 months (20). Thus, our results correlate with other findings of p53 being associated to highgrade malignancy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Flow cytometric measurement of p53 protein expression and DNA content in paraffin‐embedded tissue from bronchial carcinomas

Mørkve

Lærum

1991

Cytometry

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The nuclear protein p53 has been measured in archival lung cancer biopsies. The monoclonal antibody PAb 1801, which recognizes human p53, was used. After immunostaining, the nuclei prepared from paraffin‐embedded tissue were stained with propidium iodide for simultaneous measurement of DNA content; 17 of 24 lung cancers were p53 positive. The S‐phase fraction in positive tumors was 22.9±6.4%, as compared to 13.6±6.1% in negative tumors (P < 0,02). In ten of the positive tumors (two small cell carcinomas and eight non‐small cell carcinomas), the p53 expression varied through cell cycle, whereas in seven tumors (five small cell carcinomas and two non‐small cell carcinomas), no such variation of p53 expression was observed. Freezing the nuclear suspensions did not substantially reduce the p53 signals. Control experiments with the SV40‐transformed human foreskin fibroblast cell line HSF4‐T12 showed that the enzymatic digestion utilized to dissociate paraffin‐embedded tissue did not significantly reduce p53 fluorescence. Immunohisto‐chemical staining of biopsy specimens indicated that only cancer cells were overexpressing p53. In conclusion, using the monoclonal antibody PAb 1801, p53 is detectable in cell nuclei prepared from paraffin‐embedded bronchial carcinoma biopsies. P53 positive tumors have increased proliferative activity compared to p53 negative tumors. Furthermore, the lack of cell cycle variation of p53 in small cell carcinomas indicates that this pattern may be related to high‐grade malignancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Flow cytometric measurement of p53 protein expression and DNA content in paraffin‐embedded tissue from bronchial carcinomas

Mørkve

Lærum

1991

Cytometry

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“…Objective response rates (World Health Organization, 1979) of around 80% are typical in published reports, as are median survival times of approximately 12 months in patients with limited disease and 6 months in those with extensive disease (Leonard, 1989). In patients with limited disease, the inclusion of thoracic radiotherapy in the treatment regimen both improves local control of the cancer and prolongs survival (Bleehen, 1986;Arriagada et al, 1989a).…”

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confidence: 75%

A Medical Research Council phase II trial of alternating chemotherapy and radiotherapy in small-cell lung cancer

Bleehen

Girling²,

Gregor³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

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Summary In a non-randomised study in six centres in the UK, 24 patients with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer of limited extent were treated with a regimen of alternating chemotherapy and radiotherapy to assess response, toxicity, and the feasibility of applying such a regimen on a multicentre basis in the UK. The intention was to give six courses of chemotherapy on five consecutive days at 4-week intervals: etoposide 75 mg m2 on days 1, 2, and 3; doxorubicin 40mg m2 on day 1; cisplatin 100mg m2 on day 2; and cyclophosphamide 300 mg m-2 on days 2, 3, 4 and 5. A dose of 20 Gy thoracic radiotherapy was to be given following the 2nd and the 3rd courses, and one of 15 Gy following the 4th course. After 12 patients had been admitted, the cisplatin dosage was reduced to 80 mg m-2 because of unacceptable toxicity. Two patients were withdrawn during treatment on review of their histology because their diagnosis was found to be incorrect. Only one patient of the 12 treated with cisplatin 100 mg m2 was able to complete treatment, compared with five of the eligible ten given the lower dosage. Among the 22 patients with confirmed small-cell disease, a complete response was reported in 14 (64%) and a partial response in a further three (total response rate 77%). Myelosuppression was the commonest serious adverse effect. It occurred in 19 of the 24 patients and gave rise to septicaemia in five, four of whom were receiving the higher cisplatin dose. Sixteen patients required blood transfusion and ten platelet transfusion. Vomiting, oesophagitis, and peripheral neuropathy occurred in 12, four and four patients, respectively, and radiation pneumonitis developed in two. Treatment was considered a contributory cause of death in four. The working party concluded that the alternating regimen was feasible in only a small proportion of centres in the UK, and decided not to embark on a multicentre randomised trial comparing alternating with conventional scheduling.Small-cell lung cancer responds well to combination chemotherapy (Seifter & Ihde, 1988). Objective response rates (World Health Organization, 1979) of around 80% are typical in published reports, as are median survival times of approximately 12 months in patients with limited disease and 6 months in those with extensive disease (Leonard, 1989). In patients with limited disease, the inclusion of thoracic radiotherapy in the treatment regimen both improves local control of the cancer and prolongs survival (Bleehen, 1986;Arriagada et al., 1989a). Nevertheless, 3-year survival rates are low and the great majority of patients die from their lung cancer.At the time this study was planned, however, not only high response rates but also substantial 2-year and 3-year survival rates were being reported by Arriagada and his colleagues in non-randomised phase II trials using regimens of alternating chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thirty-five patients less than 70 years of age, with small-cell lung cancer of limited extent, and good performance status, were treated with a regim...

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“…Due to the poor prognosis of bronchogenic carcinoma [1] various attempts have been made either to improve early detection or to allow a more precise staging of the disease. Besides the morphologically oriented methods like X-ray, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, numerous methods using radionuclide imaging techniques have been tried.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indium-111 pentetreotide in the diagnostic work-up of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma

Kirsch¹,

Pawel

Grau³

et al. 1994

Eur J Nucl Med

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In a prospective study we examined 38 patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma to validate the use of indium-111 pentetreotide (IPT) as a diagnostic tool. Of these 38 patients, 25 had small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 13, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the study was to investigate whether (a) the disease can be reliably detected, (b) IPT allows differentiation between SCLC and NSCLC and (c) IPT provides further information on metastatic disease. After giving their informed consent the patients were injected and imaged 4 and 24 h later using a planar whole-body technique. In addition single-photon emission tomography of the thorax and, if necessary, other areas of the body was performed at 24 h. In the 25 patients with SCLC 22 sites of primary tumour were correctly identified (true-positive, TP); one was false-negative (FN) and two were true-negative (TN), the patients being in full remission. Metastases were correctly identified in ten instances (lung, bone and brain), while the findings were FN in five cases. An additional six FN findings resulted in the area of the upper abdomen due to the physiological uptake in the liver, spleen and kidneys. In the 13 patients with NSCLC, ten findings were TP and 3 FN with respect to the primary tumour. Two FNs were squamous cell carcinoma, and one, adenocarcinoma. Metastases were TP in nine cases and FN in one.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Small cell lung cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Flow cytometric measurement of p53 protein expression and DNA content in paraffin‐embedded tissue from bronchial carcinomas

Flow cytometric measurement of p53 protein expression and DNA content in paraffin‐embedded tissue from bronchial carcinomas

A Medical Research Council phase II trial of alternating chemotherapy and radiotherapy in small-cell lung cancer

Indium-111 pentetreotide in the diagnostic work-up of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma

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