Small-Cell Carcinoma of Nasopharynx: A Case Report of Unusual Localization

Mesolella, Massimo; Allosso, Salvatore; Varricchio, Silvia; Russo, Daniela; Pignatiello, Sara; Buono, Sarah; Motta, Gaetano

doi:10.1177/0145561320973780

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Among four tumors tested for EBV, one SC-NEC was negative, and three LC-NECs were positive, with favorable responses to chemoRT observed in two of them. An additional EBV-negative case of SC-NEC of the nasopharynx was reported by Mesonella et al [ 44 ]. In the present series, the EBV testing was limited to three nasopharyngeal tumors, and all were negative: an MD NEC case, an SC-NEC case who developed systemic metastasis early, and an LC-NEC case with complete tumor clearance after RT and who died free of disease 12 months post-therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Strojan

Šifrer

Ferlito³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the head and neck are rare and the experience scanty. The Cancer Registry of Slovenia database was used to identify cases of laryngeal and pharyngeal NECs diagnosed between 1995–2020. Biopsies were analyzed for the expression of standard neuroendocrine markers (synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56), INSM1, Ki-67, p16, and PD-L1 (using the combined positive score, CPS). In situ hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) was performed. Twenty patients (larynx, 12; pharynx, 8) were identified. One tumor was well differentiated (WD), five were moderately differentiated (MD), and 14 were poorly differentiated (PD). Disease control was achieved solely by surgery in 4/4 MD/PD T1-2N0-1 tumors. Eight patients died of the disease, seven of which were due to distant metastases. All three traditional markers were positive in 11/17 NECs and the INSM1 marker in all 20 tumors. Two of fourteen p16-positive tumors were HPV-positive, but all three nasopharyngeal NECs were EBV-negative. Three tumors had CPSs ≥ 1. In conclusion, INSM1 was confirmed to be a reliable marker of neuroendocrine differentiation. Except in WD and early-stage MD/PD tumors, aggressive multimodal therapy is needed; the optimal systemic therapy remains to be determined. p16, HPV, and EBV seem to bear no prognostic information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Strojan

Šifrer

Ferlito³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“… 12 , 13 It is important to consider that the clinical behaviour of these lesions differs from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) due to a higher tendency for distant spread and a higher rate of relapse, both loco-regional and distant. 14 , 15 There are also differences in the optimal therapeutic management as this differs not only between NEC and SCC but also within the various types of NEC. 8 – 10 , 12 A radical surgical approach is recommended in WD-NEC and MD-NEC; and in the latter this is accompanied by laterocervical neck dissection as it is possible to develop micrometastases in the early stages of this cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnosis should be made using a multidisciplinary approach. 14 – 16 An early diagnosis of a PNS and its treatment can have positive effects on the general clinical outcome, with more appropriate direct therapy on the tumour and an improvement in quality of life. 8 , 9 , 16 , 17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,12,14 For a large proportion of them, a precise mechanism underlying their development has not yet been identified, but in some cases, PNS are the consequence of an ectopic synthesis of a hormone or a mediator by the tumour, while the structures affected by the symptomatology are not affected by the tumour. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx are rare lesions with different prognostic characteristics. PNS can rarely accompany the neoplasm and therefore be useful in monitoring its evolution.…”

Section: Type Of Tumour Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a rare case report and literature review

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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This current report describes a rare clinical case of neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the larynx with associated Lambert-Eaton myasthenic paraneoplastic syndrome (LEMS). A 68-year-old male patient presented with severe dysphonia and dysphagia. He underwent a total laryngectomy and the excised lesion was extremely large. A pathological examination demonstrated ‘morphological findings of a poorly differentiated carcinoma (G3) with aspects of neuroendocrine differentiation’ (i.e. a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas [PD-NEC]). Based on the patient’s medical history and the immunohistochemical findings, he was treated with three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin–etoposide) and then radiotherapy with a total dose of 70 Gy. Of the 10 cases of paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) related to laryngeal NEC reported in the literature, nine of these syndromes were of an endocrine type. Only one case of PNS associated with laryngeal cancer had a neurological manifestation, which was LEMS. To the best of our knowledge, this current case has only one similar precedent in the literature and it is the second report of an association between a PD-NEC and LEMS. Laryngeal NECs are rare lesions with different prognostic characteristics. The diagnosis should be made using an endocrinological, neurological, radiological and histological multidisciplinary approach. A radical surgical approach is recommended.

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Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of nasopharynx with metastatic cervical lymph nodes: an exceedingly rare entity with review of literature

Marak,

Chauhan,

Anand

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of nasopharynx is extremely rare and displays aggressive nature with a poor prognosis. Neuroendocrine tumours rarely arise from the head and neck region and pose a diagnostic and management challenge. In English literature, only 16 cases of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of nasopharynx have been reported so far; and to the best of our knowledge, this is the seventeenth case and second in the younger age group. Here, we report the case of an adolescent male patient who presented with nasal blockage, repeated episodes of epistaxis and neck swellings. After proper diagnostic workup, the diagnosis of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of nasopharynx was made. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, followed by radiotherapy. Imaging investigation executed after the end of the treatment exhibited complete remission of the disease. The patient is kept under active surveillance with no signs of relapse at present.

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Small-Cell Carcinoma of Nasopharynx: A Case Report of Unusual Localization

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a rare case report and literature review

Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of nasopharynx with metastatic cervical lymph nodes: an exceedingly rare entity with review of literature

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