Objective. To assess the performance of sonography in evaluating small indeterminate liver lesions detected on computed tomography in patients with cancer. Methods. Radiology database review from January 1, 1998, to August 4, 2000, identified 76 patients with 124 indeterminate hepatic lesions smaller than 1.5 cm on computed tomography who had abdominal sonography within 3 months. Sonographic reports and images were reviewed to assess whether lesions were referenced or specifically sought and to verify lesion correspondence, detection, and characterization. The validity of sonographic characterization was determined by histopathologic examination or follow-up imaging (mean time to follow up, 17 months; range, 6.5-38.8 months). Results. Sixty (48%) of 124 indeterminate lesions were evident on sonography. Detection improved when lesions were specifically sought and lesion size was greater than 0.5 cm. Forty (66%) of 61 lesions were detected when the radiologist referenced the preceding computed tomography versus 20 (32%) of 63 lesions when the computed tomographic findings were not referenced (P = .0004). Fifty-one (67%) of 76 lesions measuring 0.6 to 1.5 cm were detected on sonography versus 9 (19%) of 48 lesions measuring 0.1 to 0.5 cm. Lesion size (P < .0001) and body habitus (P = .02) were significant factors influencing lesion detection. Sonography characterized 56 (93%) of 60 detected lesions (33 cysts, 18 solid lesions/metastases, and 5 hemangiomas). Sonographic diagnoses were supported in 42 (93%) of 45 lesions by follow-up imaging (37 of 40) or histopathologic examination (5 of 5). Conclusions. Sonography may be useful in cancer patients with average body habitus to characterize small (0.6-to 1.5-cm) indeterminate liver lesions detected on computed tomography. Key words: cancer; liver lesions; metastases.Received November 19, 2002, Abbreviations CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging mall liver lesions (<1.5 cm) detected during routine computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen are frequent, estimated as present on abdominal CT in up to 17% of outpatients.1 Schwartz et al 2 evaluated indeterminate and small hepatic lesions (<1.0 cm) found in CT examinations of 378 patients with cancer and found that, despite a nonspecific imaging appearance, 12% of such lesions represented metastases on the basis of interval growth on follow-up. Computed tomography has become the principal examination for initial staging and follow-up of malignancies; however, difficulty in characterizing small hepatic lesions by CT has long been understood.3 Some authors have advocated sonography to characterize such small hepatic lesions.