Slurry nebulization inductively coupled plasma spectrometry-the fundamental parameters discussed

Fundamental and methodological investigations for the improvement of elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass soectrometry

“…The titanium standard used has a ~10 ppt zirconium contamination, sufficient to make 50 TiAr + undetectable. The isotopic pattern of 86 Sr, 87 Sr, and 88 Sr is too similar to the isotopic pattern of 46 Ti, 47 Ti, and 48 Ti to make satisfactory adjustments, and 84 Sr + signal was too low to be used dependably for accurate isotopic subtraction. Finally, 89 Y + is monoisotopic.…”

“…For some investigations, laser ablation is preferred because it is minimally destructive -for instance, when analyzing gemstones 43 , artwork 44 , or historical artifacts 45 . For these reasons, LA-ICP-MS is used in many fields including geology 46,47 , biology 40,41 , and forensics 48,49 .…”

“…Finally, 89 Y + is monoisotopic. 46 TiAr + , 47 TiAr + , 48 TiAr + , and 49 TiAr + were therefore blank subtracted, and as long as the ratios between them were reasonable this had to be sufficient. The 48 TiAr + was typically three to five times higher than the blank signal at m/z=88.…”

“…The analysis of suspended particles by ICP spectroscopy has been a subject of research for decades, from older research on slurries [45][46][47] to newer work on nanoparticles 10,11 . In a recent study, Niemax et al 11 dried monodisperse droplets to introduce individual dry particles to the plasma.…”

Determination of metal impurities in titanium dioxide using slurry sample introduction by axial viewing inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

“…Slurry nebulization requires that both the transport efficiency and the atomization efficiency for the slurry particles must be, as much as possible, identical to those of an aqueous solution. 18 In our case the criteria described above are fulfilled and calibration can thus be established with aqueous standards. Broekaert et al 19 reported that slurry particles should be smaller than 5-10 mm during ceramic analysis.…”