Slurry hydrocracking process for heavy oils using iron-coal catalyst

Ranganathan, R; Pruden, B B; Denis, Jennifer

doi:10.4095/301966

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The iron-based catalyst was selected for the reaction to avoid the excessive hydrogenation that would be provided by the molybdate catalysts promoted by either Ni or Co, supported on γ-alumina, zeolites, silica, or silica–aluminates, which are conventionally used during hydroprocessing . In the patent by Ranganathan et al, the iron sulfate catalyst, in concentrations of 0.1–5 wt %, showed very mild activity toward hydrodesulfurization and hydrocracking but appeared to be extremely effective as a coke suppressor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Asphaltene Building Blocks by Cracking under Favorable Hydrogenation Conditions

et al. 2012

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The chemical building blocks that comprise petroleum asphaltene molecules were determined by thermal cracking of samples under conditions that minimized alterations to aromatic and cycloalkyl groups. Favorable hydrogenation conditions that used tetralin as a hydrogen-donor solvent and an iron-based catalyst allowed asphaltenes derived from different crude oils to yield approximately 50–60 wt % distillates (<538 °C fraction), with coke yields below 10 wt %, and reach conversions of the vacuum residue fraction between 65 and 75 wt %. Products in a wide range of boiling points, from naphtha to heavy material in the vacuum residue range, were observed by simulated distillation. Quantitative recovery of the cracked products, with mass balances above 96%, and characterization of the distillate fraction by gas chromatography–field ionization–time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC–FI–TOF HR MS) provided information on the abundance of building blocks, including saturates, 1–3-ring aromatics, 4+-ring aromatics, and nitrogen- and sulfide-containing molecules. Samples of asphaltenes from different geological basins exhibited a remarkable similarity in the yields of building blocks, with paraffins and 1–3-ring aromatics as the most abundant species. The diversity of molecules identified in the distillate products from the cracking of asphaltenes suggests a high degree of heterogeneity and complexity of asphaltene molecules, built up by smaller fragments attached to each other by bridges. The sum of material remaining in the vacuum residue fraction and the yield of coke were in the range of 35–45% and represent the maximum amount of large aromatic clusters present in asphaltenes that could not be converted to distillates or gases under the cracking conditions used in this study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Asphaltene Building Blocks by Cracking under Favorable Hydrogenation Conditions

et al. 2012

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“…Some of the advantages of this approach are mild operating conditions, high liquid product yield and significant improvement in the liquid product properties. Most of the research has focused on using low cost coal additives in the presence of hydrogen (Menzies et al, 1981;Monier 1984; Ranganathan et al, 1980;Speight, 1986). Investigators at CANMET (Menzies et al 1981; Ranganathan et al, 1980) have developed a process which employs a disposable coal additive (pulverized coal impregnated with iron sulfate) and hydrogen at elevated temperature and moderate $Present address: Resources Technology Division, Saskatchewan Research *Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This CANMET process has reported conversions exceeding 80 % with negligible production of coke in the reactor. Fouda et al (1989), Moschopedis and Speight (1982), Ranganathan et al (1980), and Speight (1986) have done extensive "coprocessing" studies with Athabasca oil sand bitumen, Lloydminster heavy oil and Suncor coker gas oil with Alberta bituminous and subbituminous coals. These "coprocessing" studies can be classified in two categories: some that used coal as an additive to process the oil and others that used large concentrations of coal to process the coal.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have studied the effects of catalytic additives to increase coal conversions (Menzies et al, 198 1 ;Moschopedis et al, 1981Moschopedis et al, , 1982; Ranganathan et al, 1980;Speight, 1986) and the effects of petroleum fractions with respect ta their hydrogen donor properties in reducing hydrogen consumption (Curtis et al, 1987;Miller, 1985Miller, , 1986; Moschopedis et al, 1981Moschopedis et al, , 1982Speight 1986).…”

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Nonhydrogenative processing of a saskatchewan heavy oil under mild conditions using disposable additives

1993

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In this study, a nonhydrogenative process for partial upgrading of heavy oil was evaluated in a semi‐continuous laboratory scale unit for producing a low viscosity oil which could be pipelined easily. The process was conducted at atmospheric pressure and over a temperature range of 400 to 470°C. Gas production was negligibly small (1‐2 wt. % of the feed) and there was virtually no coking of reactor except at high coal concentrations (> 9.1 wt. %) and high reactor temperatures (470°C). The particulate content of the liquid product which contained unreacted coal, ash and coke (defined as toluene‐insolubles) was less than 5 wt.% in the majority of the cases. In the presence of coal, iron oxide mixed with coal. and iron oxide alone, maximum reductions in viscosity were: from 1540 to 248 mPa.s, from 1540 to 192 mPa.s, and from 1540 to 80 mPa.s, respectively. A moderate improvement in API gravity (from 13.0 to 18.2) was obtained using 1 wt. % iron oxide additive at 470°C. However, apparent pitch (resid) conversion were of the order of only 20‐30 wt. %.

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“…CANMET investigators have carried out studies related to hydrocracking of heavy crudes using low concentrations of coal in the feed (Ranganathan et al 1980 andPruden, 1982). In the CANMET process, a low cost additive consisting of pulverized coal impregnated with metal (usually iron sulfate) is used.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonhydrogenative co‐processing of saskatchewan heavy oil and coal

1989

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A Saskatchewan heavy oil was processed with coal additives in a tubular reactor packed with procelain berl saddles at 400-480°C and atmospheric pressure. For comparison purposes, blank experiments in the absence of coal additive were also carried out. The results indicate that considerable reduction in viscosity and increased distillate yields can be achieved by processing heavy oil with coal additive. The API gravity of the liquid product is also improved. Increased amounts of gaseous products with changed composition are obtained in the presence of coal. Under certain conditions, significant dissolution of coal occurs even at the relatively mild conditions used.On a trait6 une huile lourde de la Saskatchewan avec des additifs de charbon dans un rkacteur tubulaire garni avec de la selle de Berl en porcelaine, B des temperatures comprises entre 400 et 480°C et B la pression atmospherique. De mCme, on a men6 ? I des fins de comparaison des expkriences B blanc en I'absence d'additifs de charbon. Les resultats indiquent que l'on peut obtenir une rkduction consid6rable de la viscositk et de meilleurs rendements en distillat en traitant I'huile lourde avec des additifs de charbon. La densitk API du produit liquide est elle aussi amklior6e. De plus grandes quantit6s de produits gazeux avec une composition modifi6e sont obtenues en pr6sence de charbon. Sous certaines conditions, une dissolution importante du charbon se produit m&me aux conditions relativement modkrkes utilishs.

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Slurry hydrocracking process for heavy oils using iron-coal catalyst

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Asphaltene Building Blocks by Cracking under Favorable Hydrogenation Conditions

Characterization of Asphaltene Building Blocks by Cracking under Favorable Hydrogenation Conditions

Nonhydrogenative processing of a saskatchewan heavy oil under mild conditions using disposable additives

Nonhydrogenative co‐processing of saskatchewan heavy oil and coal

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