“…In our study, we trained and compared a total of 15 models on our lumbar spine MRI dataset. These models are Attention U-Net (Oktay et al, 2018), HSNet (Zhang et al, 2022), Inception-SwinUnet (Pu et al, 2023), MedT (Valanarasu et al, 2021), MultiResUNet (Ibtehaz and Rahman, 2020), SLT-Net (Feng et al, 2022), Swin-Unet (Cao et al, 2023), UNETR (Hatamizadeh et al, 2021), Swin UNETR (Hatamizadeh et al, 2022), TransUNet (Chen et al, 2021), UCTransNet (Wang et al, 2022), UNet++ (Zhou et al, 2018), UNeXt (Valanarasu and Patel, 2022), UTNet (Gao et al, 2021), and BianqueNet (Zheng et al, 2022). We were unable to test all models mentioned in Section 2 due to either unavailability (e.g., no source code) or incompatibility (e.g., size not matching).…”