“…Many other TA cases have been reported in Europe and the U.S. since Wilson:Jones reported his first case, while only eight cases have been reported as "TA" inJapan. Some investigators consider that TA and AB are the same disease (6,7,9,10), while others insist that these two diseases have to be distinguished from each other because their biological activities are different (11,12) and that they are not the same disease clinically or pathologically (13)(14)(15). Therefore, we evaluated 51 cases of AB reported within the last 15 years inJapan, including the four cases we encountered, and 44 accessible cases of TA reported in Europe and the U.S., and compared them.…”