Slow steady-shear of plastic bead rafts

Twardos, Michael; Dennin, Michael

doi:10.1007/s10035-005-0204-3

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…As observed in many previous works on amorphous particulate systems 14 15 16 17 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 , Fig. 2 shows that the temporal fluctuations of the energy becomes volatile if the shear rate is sufficiently low and the volume fraction is sufficiently high.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Such models are indeed numerous, ranging from rock fracture experiments 6 7 8 9 to computer simulations on cellular automata 10 11 . Among them, sheared granular media 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 are simple representations of granular fault gouges ( Fig. 1 ), which are commonly used in geophysics to analyse deformation of highly damaged rocks in fault zones 20 21 22 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Common dependence on stress for the statistics of granular avalanches and earthquakes

Hatano

Narteau

Shebalin

2015

Sci Rep

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Both earthquake size-distributions and aftershock decay rates obey power laws. Recent studies have demonstrated the sensibility of their parameters to faulting properties such as focal mechanism, rupture speed or fault complexity. The faulting style dependence may be related to the magnitude of the differential stress, but no model so far has been able to reproduce this behaviour. Here we investigate the statistical properties of avalanches in a dissipative, bimodal particulate system under slow shear. We find that the event size-distribution obeys a power law only in the proximity of a critical volume fraction, whereas power-law aftershock decay rates are observed at all volume fractions accessible in the model. Then, we show that both the exponent of the event size-distribution and the time delay before the onset of the power-law aftershock decay rate are decreasing functions of the shear stress. These results are consistent with recent seismological observations of earthquake size-distribution and aftershock statistics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

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confidence: 99%

Common dependence on stress for the statistics of granular avalanches and earthquakes

Hatano

Narteau

Shebalin

2015

Sci Rep

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“…3 is the fact that the discrepancy between relaxation times for applied torques parallel and anti-parallel to the applied rotation rate develops only for high densities and slow rotation rates. For this system, as the rotation rate is decreased, the average stress during flow is decreased [22]. The jamming transition is approached either by increasing the packing fraction or decreasing the stress [18].…”

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confidence: 93%

Asymmetric Response of a Jammed Plastic Bead Raft

Twardos

Dennin²

2006

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Fluctuation-dissipation relations have received significant attention as a potential method for defining an effective temperature in nonequilibrium systems. The successful development of an effective temperature would be an important step in the application of statistical mechanics principles to systems driven far from equilibrium. Many of the systems of interest are sufficiently dense that they are close to the jamming transition, a point at which interesting correlations develop. Here we study the response function in a driven system of plastic beads as a function of the density in order to elucidate the impact of the jamming transition on the use of fluctuation-dissipation relations. The focus is on measuring the response function for applied shear stress. We find that even when the amplitude of the applied stress leads to a linear response in the strain, the time scale of the response is dependent on the direction of the applied stress. The identification of an "effective temperature" for systems driven far from equilibrium that is analogous to a true thermodynamic temperature would represent a major step toward developing a general theory of nonequilibrium behavior. One of the reasons that the concept of an "effective temperature" is so attractive is the centrality of real temperature in thermodynamics and statistical physics. At its most basic, temperature defines when two systems are in thermodynamic equilibrium and determines the direction of heat flow, if any, for systems in contact. Equipartition provides a connection between temperature and average quantities. Temperature enters the relation between thermodynamic quantities, such as specific heat and derivatives of free energies. Einsteintype relations relate various transport coefficients, such as diffusion constants and viscosities, through the temperature. Finally, in linear response theory, temperature enters the relationship between time (or frequency) dependent response functions and correlation functions. The challenge for studies of nonequilibrium systems is the determination of which, if any, of the above uses of temperature is meaningful as an effective temperature. To be a useful concept, a minimum expectation is that multiple definitions of effective temperature agree, and that there is an understanding of why some definitions agree and others do not.The use of effective temperatures in driven systems has a relatively diverse history. For example, granular flows are often characterized by a "granular" temperature that is based on the average kinetic energy of the particles. Another approach can be described as a "configurational" temperature. In these studies, (usually with dense granular matter) the "atoms" are grains, and the phase space is the set of static mechanical configurations in which they can be arranged. By considering all possible jammed configurations, entropy as a function of density is calculated and used to define an effective temperature [1,2,3]. Another approach has been to focus on fluctuations in the system as a means ...

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“…7 Using noise to look for a phase transition could be especially useful in systems such as driven systems 8,9 or granular systems 10 where thermodynamic and transport measurements are problematic. However, there are competing tendencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does measurement noise increase as a phase transition is approached?

Chen

2007

SPIE Proceedings

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We study the energy and magnetization noise spectra associated with first and second order phase transitions by using Monte Carlo simulations of the Ising model and 5-state Potts model in 2D. For a finite size system, the total noise power and the low frequency white noise S(f < f knee ) increase as T c is approached. In the thermodynamic limit S(f < f knee ) diverges but f knee → 0 and the total noise power vanishes. f −1 knee is approximately the equilibration time. At high frequencies S(f > f knee ) ∼ f −µ . For the Ising model, we relate µ to the critical exponents.

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Slow steady-shear of plastic bead rafts

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Common dependence on stress for the statistics of granular avalanches and earthquakes

Common dependence on stress for the statistics of granular avalanches and earthquakes

Asymmetric Response of a Jammed Plastic Bead Raft

Does measurement noise increase as a phase transition is approached?

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