Slow, persistent replication of lentiviruses: role of tissue macrophages and macrophage precursors in bone marrow.

Gendelman, Howard E.; Narayan, Opendra; Molineaux, Susan M.; Clements, Janice E.; Ghotbi, Zahra

doi:10.1073/pnas.82.20.7086

Cited by 264 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

160

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…23 In addition to differences in the biology of T lymphocyte versus macrophage infection by HIV, differential viral infection and infectability of macrophage subpopulations is also evident. 24,25 Thus, the ability of HIV or SIV to infect macrophage subpopulations, and to become integrated within host DNA, may be regulated developmentally and controlled not only by surface receptors such as CD4, CXCR4, and CCR5, but by DNA metabolism.…”

Section: Brain Perivascular Macrophages Are a Major Target Of Simian mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferating Cellular Nuclear Antigen Expression as a Marker of Perivascular Macrophages in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis

Williams

Schwartz

Corey

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brain perivascular macrophages are a major target of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in rhesus macaques and HIV infection in humans.Perivascular macrophages are distinct from parenchymal microglia in their location, morphology, expression of myeloid markers, and turnover in the CNS. In contrast to parenchymal microglia, perivascular macrophages are continuously repopulated by blood monocytes, which undergo maturation to macrophages on entering the central nervous system (CNS). We studied differences in monocyte/macrophages in vivo that might account for preferential infection of perivascular macrophages by SIV. In situ hybridization for SIV and proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry demonstrated that SIV-infected and PCNA-positive cells were predominantly found in perivascular cuffs of viremic animals and in histopathological lesions that characterize SIV encephalitis (SIVE) in animals with AIDS. Multilabel techniques including double-label immunohistochemistry and combined in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed numerous infected perivascular macrophages that were PCNA-positive. Outside the CNS, SIV-infected, PCNA-expressing macrophage subpopulations were found in the small intestine and lung of animals with AIDS. While PCNA is used as a marker of cell proliferation it is also strongly expressed in nondividing cells undergoing DNA synthesis and repair. Therefore, more specific markers for cell proliferation including Ki-67, topoisomerase II␣, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation were used which indicated that PCNA-positive cells within SIVE lesions were not proliferating. These observations are consistent with perivascular macrophages as terminally differentiated, non-dividing cells and underscores biological differences that could potentially define mechanisms of preferential, productive infection of perivascular macrophages in the rhesus macaque model of neuroAIDS. These studies suggest that within CNS and non-CNS tissues there exist subpopulations of macrophages that are SIV-infected and express PCNA.

show abstract

Section: Brain Perivascular Macrophages Are a Major Target Of Simian mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferating Cellular Nuclear Antigen Expression as a Marker of Perivascular Macrophages in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis

Williams

Schwartz

Corey

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Pathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Visna virus principally targets macrophage in the brains and lungs of infected sheep (1). The more promiscuous feline immunodeficiency virus infects both T and B lymphocytes in addition to macrophage (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid deletions are introduced into the V2 region of gp120 during independent pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) infections of rhesus monkeys generating variants that are macrophage tropic

Imamichi

Igarashi

Imamichi

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus͞HIV chimeric viruses (SHIVs) cause extremely rapid, irreversible, and systemic depletions of CD4 ؉ T lymphocytes in inoculated rhesus monkeys. In the absence of this T cell subset, virus production can be sustained for several months by tissue macrophage. During independent infections of seven animals with uncloned virus stocks, SHIV variants emerged bearing amino acid deletions that affected specific residues of the gp120 V2 loop. Some of these macrophagephase SHIVs replicated to high levels in alveolar macrophage.

show abstract

“…= negative; sPCR = positive in first-round (single PCR) and in second-round PCR (nested PCR); nPCR = positive only in second-round PCR (nested PCR) *sample tested in a previous work (Preziuso et al 2009) and positive by sPCR The finding of both the proviral DNA and the viral capsid antigen in the mesenteric lymph nodes of sheep three years after infection by the respiratory route was unexpected. In only one case was a weak positivity in these lymph nodes reported in two lambs a few weeks after pulmonary inoculation (Gendelman et al 1985). Mesenteric lymph nodes have been suggested as a reservoir of HIV (Estaquier and Hurtrel 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAEV has been occasionally isolated from mammary lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow (Surman et al 1997). The Ovine Lentivirus has also been isolated from the bone marrow (Brodie et al 1995), where viral replication has been demonstrated by combined immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in two lambs six or 16 weeks after virus inoculation (Gendelman et al 1985). Small ruminant lentivirus RNA or capsid proteins have occasionally been detected in macrophages or macrophage-like cells in the spleen (Zink et al 1990;Gendelman et al 1985;Zink et al 1990;Ravazzolo et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Visna Maedi virus in mesenteric lymph nodes and in other lymphoid tissues of sheep three years after respiratory infection

Preziuso¹,

Magi²,

Mari³

et al. 2013

Vet. Med. - Czech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visna/Maedi virus (VMV), a small ruminant lentivirus responsible for lymphoproliferative pneumonia, encephalitis, arthritis and/or mastitis in sheep, has been detected in different non-lymphoid organs. However, only a few investigations have been carried out in lymphoid tissues. In this study, some lymphoid tissues and lymph node draining or non-draining VMV target organs from five sheep infected experimentally by the respiratory route three years previously were investigated. Archival samples of spleen, red bone marrow, caudal mediastinal lymph nodes, mammary lymph nodes, popliteal lymph nodes and mesenteric lymph nodes were tested by PCR for the presence of proviral DNA. Popliteal and mesenteric lymph node samples were tested also by immunohistochemical staining of the viral capsid antigen p28. The proviral DNA was detected by PCR in all the lymphoid tissue samples from the infected sheep. The viral antigen was stained in mononuclear cells in popliteal and mesenteric lymph nodes of the infected sheep. Although the lymph nodes draining the classical target organs seem to be more infected than the others, both the viral capsid antigen and the proviral DNA were present also in lymph nodes draining non-target organs, such as the mesenteric lymph nodes. These findings show the presence of VMV in different lymphoid tissues in the late stages of infection and suggest a potential role of these tissues as a site for viral reservoir and replication, even three years after infection.

show abstract

Slow, persistent replication of lentiviruses: role of tissue macrophages and macrophage precursors in bone marrow.

Cited by 264 publications

References 25 publications

Proliferating Cellular Nuclear Antigen Expression as a Marker of Perivascular Macrophages in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis

Proliferating Cellular Nuclear Antigen Expression as a Marker of Perivascular Macrophages in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis

Amino acid deletions are introduced into the V2 region of gp120 during independent pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) infections of rhesus monkeys generating variants that are macrophage tropic

Detection of Visna Maedi virus in mesenteric lymph nodes and in other lymphoid tissues of sheep three years after respiratory infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About