Slow-Light Fiber-Bragg-Grating Strain Sensor With a 280-&lt;formula formulatype="inline"&gt;&lt;tex Notation="TeX"&gt;${\rm femtostrain}/\surd{\rm Hz}$&lt;/tex&gt;&lt;/formula&gt; Resolution

Wen, He; Skolianos, George; Fan, Shanhui; Bernier, Martin; Vallée, Réal; Digonnet, Michel J. F.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2013.2258658

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…6) is 13.5 times larger from the predicted phase noise (solid curve). This is consistent with the noise measurements reported in [18], which concluded that the noise was dominated by laser frequency noise.…”

Section: Group Index On Resonancesupporting

confidence: 92%

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Thermal phase noise in Fabry-Pérot resonators and fiber Bragg gratings

2014

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We report a rigorous derivation of the power spectral density (PSD) spectrum of the phase noise in the transmitted and reflected signals of a Fabry-Pérot (FP) interferometer. In transmission off and on resonance, the PSD at low frequencies is found to be simply equal to the PSD of the single-pass phase noise (the phase noise acquired by a signal that has traveled once through the FP interferometer) times (n g /n) 2 , where n g is the group index and n the phase index of the light inside the FP interferometer. Equivalently, the phase noise (in radians) is equal to the single-pass phase-noise times n g /n. This result states that the phase noise is proportional to the number of passes light makes through the FP interferometer, as expected physically. This simple expression provides a quick means of calculating the phase noise in a linear Fabry-Pérot interferometer of any length in the range of frequencies of interest to the most applications. At high frequencies, we show that the PSD spectrum can also be expressed in a simple closed-form expression on resonance, but that off resonance it must be calculated numerically. Numerical simulations show that the PSD oscillates between 3 dB below the low-frequency PSD and 3 dB below the single-pass PSD. Equivalent expressions are derived for the phase noise in the signal reflected by a Fabry-Pérot interferometer, which is found to have the same magnitude at low frequencies, but to be typically significantly lower at high frequencies.

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Section: Group Index On Resonancesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The first sensor consists of a 2-cm FBGs with a large index modulation, which created sharp slow-light peaks on the edges of its band gap [18]. It was probed at the wavelength of steepest slope of one of these resonances (to maximize its strain sensitivity) and tested for strain sensitivity at 23 kHz.…”

Section: Group Index On Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal phase noise in Fabry-Pérot resonators and fiber Bragg gratings

2014

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“…Therefore, a much slower light is obtained in -FBG as compare to the conventional FBG. The sensitivity of slow-light FBG sensor is given as [25]:…”

Section: Numerical Model Of the Slow-light -Fbgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where x is the external perturbation, T( ) is the transmissivity of FBG as a function of . According to Lorentzian slow-light resonance, the maximum value of dT ( ) /d is 3 √ 3T 0 /4 at wavelength = B ± √ 3/6, where T 0 is the peak transmission at Bragg wavelength, and is FWHM of the Lorentzian [25]. The value of in the terms of transmitted delay time t is given as = 2…”

Section: Numerical Model Of the Slow-light -Fbgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the proposed slow-light grating shows the very low temperature sensitivity of 5.2 • C −1 (calculated) due to the low transmissivity peak. It is well-known that the sensitivity of slow-light FBG is proportional to the product of delay and transmissivity of FBG [25]. The delay and sensitivity spectra of uniform and apodized FBGs have more than one peak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High sensitive and large dynamic range quasi-distributed sensing system based on slow-light π-phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings

Dwivedi¹,

Osuch²,

Trivedi³

2019

Opto-Electronics Review

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In this paper, we theoretically analyze the slow-light -phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (-FBG) and its applications for single and multipoint/quasi-distributed sensing. Coupled-mode theory (CMT) and transfer matrix method (TMM) are used to establish the numerical modeling of slow-light -FBG. The impact of slow-light FBG parameters, such as grating length (L), index change ( n), and loss coefficient (˛) on the spectral properties of -FBG along with strain and thermal sensitivities are presented. Simulation results show that for the optimum grating parameters L = 50 mm, n = 1.5×10 −4 , and ˛ = 0.10 m -1 , the proposed slow-light -FBG is characterized with a peak transmissivity of 0.424, the maximum delay of 31.95 ns, strain sensitivity of 8.380 -1 , and temperature sensitivity of 91.064 • C -1 . The strain and temperature sensitivity of proposed slow-light -FBG is the highest as compared to the slow-light sensitivity of apodized FBGs reported in the literature. The proposed grating have the overall full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.2245 nm, and the FWHM of the Bragg wavelength peak transmissivity is of 0.0798 pm. The optimized slow-light -FBG is used for quasi-distributed sensing applications. For the five-stage strain quasi-distributed sensing network, a high strain dynamic range of value 1469 is obtained for sensors wavelength spacing as small as 2 nm. In the case of temperature of quasi-distributed sensing network, the obtained dynamic range is of 133 • C. For measurement system with a sufficiently wide spectral range, the -FBGs wavelength grid can be broadened which results in substantial increase of dynamic range of the system.

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Representative Applications of Single-Frequency Fiber Lasers

Yang

et al. 2019

Single-Frequency Fiber Lasers

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Slow-Light Fiber-Bragg-Grating Strain Sensor With a 280-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm femtostrain}/\surd{\rm Hz}$</tex></formula> Resolution

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

Thermal phase noise in Fabry-Pérot resonators and fiber Bragg gratings

Thermal phase noise in Fabry-Pérot resonators and fiber Bragg gratings

High sensitive and large dynamic range quasi-distributed sensing system based on slow-light π-phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings

Representative Applications of Single-Frequency Fiber Lasers

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