Slow depolarizing potentials and spike generation in pyramidal tract cells.

Arikuni, Tomio; Ochs, Simon M.

doi:10.1152/jn.1973.36.1.1

Cited by 8 publications

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“…For example, DCR-N, the superficial response of ADRIAN (1936) or the dendritic potential of CHANG (1951), has been interpreted as the field potentials originating from EPSPs that occur in the neuronal elements of the superficial cortical layers (ECCLES, 1951;LI and CHOU, 1962;SUGAYA et al, 1964;CREUTZFELDT et al, 1966;YAMAMOTO and KAWAI, 1967;ARIKUNI and OCHS, 1973). It has also been suggested that the axons or their collaterals of stellate and pyramidal cells contribute as a component of superficial horizontal fibers to the generation of DCR-N (SUZUKI and OCHS, 1964;OCHS and SUZUKI, 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADRIAN, 1936;ROSENBLUETH and CANNON, 1942;BURNS, 1950;CHANG, 1951;OCHS,1956;PURPURA and GRUNDFEST;BROOKS and ENGER, 1959;SUZUKI and OCHS, 1964;OCHS and SUZUKI, 1965). Attempts were also made to identify the responses of single neurons (BURNS and GRAFSTEIN, 1952;LI and CHOU, 1962;SUGAYA et al, 1964;CREUTZFELDT et al, 1966;ROSENTHAL et al, 1967;PHILLIS and OCHS, 1971;ARIKUNI and OCHS, 1973;RONNER et al, 1980). By adopting the epicortical stimulation (EPICS), the present study aims to analyze the neuronal network in the cat motor cortex on the basis of the intracellular responses recorded from all the cortical layer neurons.…”

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Vertical spread of neuronal activity within the cat motor cortex investigated with epicortical stimulation and intracellular recording.

1985

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1) In the encephale isole cat preparation the surface of precruciate cortex was electrically stimulated. Intracellular responses underneath the stimulated site were recorded to assess the vertical spread of activities across the cortical layers. 2) To the epicortical stimulation (EPICS) with intensity adjusted to evoke a pure negative wave in the direct cortical response (DCR), only some neurons in relatively superficial layers responded with excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). 3) Stimuli intensified to evoke both the negative and subsequent positive waves in DCR produced in all tested cells either EPSPs, inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs), or both. Direct or axonal antidromic excitation of the cell was observed only infrequently. 4) Cells with EPSPs distributed through all the layers with two peak populations in laminae II and V-VI. Those with IPSPs were located mainly in the upper half of lamina III with a few in more superficial as well as in deeper layers. Both EPSPs and IPSPs showed mono-or oligosynaptic latencies (0.6-10 msec) that tended to become longer in deep than in superficial layers. 5) Some deep layer cells including fast and slow pyramidal tract cells showed slowly rising monosynaptic EPSPs of dendritic origin. 6) Further late responses consisted of EPSPs, IPSPs, disfacilitation (DF), and disinhibition (DI). DF or DI occurred in some deep layer cells. 7) Two modes of vertical spread of activities were postulated : one the cascade transmissions which increased response repertoire toward the depths, and the other the electrotonic spread of EPSPs along dendrites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Vertical spread of neuronal activity within the cat motor cortex investigated with epicortical stimulation and intracellular recording.

1985

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“…At least some apical dendrites in neocortex are probably electrically excitable. Small spike-like potentials recorded in somata of immature pyramidal tract cells were attributed to dendritic electrogenesis (Purpura and Shofer, 1964;Purpura et al, 1965;Purpura, 1967), as were much slower somatic depolarizations from mature cells (Arikuni and Ochs, 1973). Somatic recordings of thalamocortical synaptic potentials also included small allor-none depolarizing events that were not blocked in an antidromic collision test, suggesting a dendritic origin (Deschenes,198 1).…”

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Apical dendrites of the neocortex: correlation between sodium- and calcium-dependent spiking and pyramidal cell morphology

1993

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Apical dendrites and somata of layer V pyramidal neurons were recorded with tight-seal patch electrodes in a slice preparation of rat somatosensory cortex. Recording sites were confirmed by measurements of the electrode location and by staining with biocytin. Dendritic recordings were made along the main trunk of the apical dendrite, usually within layer IV, at distances from 100 to 500 microns from the soma. Most cells recorded through the dendrite had a distinct enlargement of the apical trunk around the presumed recording site. The electrical properties of apical dendrites were readily distinguishable from those of somata. Dendrites generated two types of response when injected with depolarizing current. Group I responses were relatively small and broad Na(+)-dependent action potentials whose amplitude and rate-of-rise were negatively correlated with recording distance from the soma. Group II responses were complex, clustered firing patterns of Na(+)-dependent spikes together with higher-threshold slow spikes or plateaus; in these dendrites spike parameters were not correlated with distance from the soma. These two response groups were correlated with dendritic morphology: group I had significantly fewer oblique branches on the apical dendrite (5.5 vs 12.0) and a thinner apical trunk (2.0 vs 2.5 microns) than group II. TTX (1-2 microM) selectively blocked fast dendritic spikes, but not slow spikes and plateaus. Blocking Ca2+ currents reduced complex firing patterns and suppressed high-threshold slow spikes. Physiological and pharmacological studies imply that slow spikes and plateau potentials were primarily generated by high-threshold Ca2+ channels in the apical dendrite. Stimulating axons of layer I elicited EPSPs on distal apical dendrites of layer V cells. Recordings from both groups of apical dendrites revealed that EPSPs triggered a variety of distally generated, all-or-nothing depolarizations. The results show that voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ currents are present in distal apical dendrites, in variable densities. These currents significantly modify distal synaptic events. The prevalence and character of active dendritic spiking (and presumably of Na+ and Ca2+ channel densities) correlate with the morphology of the apical dendritic tree.

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Dendritic spikes induced in fast pyramidal tract neurons by thalamic stimulation

Deschênes

1981

Exp Brain Res

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In deeply anesthetized cats the synaptic events induced in fast pyramidal tract cells (Pt cells) by ventrolateral (VL) stimulation were analyzed with intracellular recordings. In 40% of the fastest conducting Pt neurons it was found that VL stimulation induced fast depolarizing potentials (FPPs) with or without underlying excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). These FPPs were all or non fast rising events lasting about 2 ms. They could be induced by brachium conjunctivum stimulation or they could also occur spontaneously. Those occurring spontaneously had amplitude and time course similar to those evoked by VL stimulation suggesting that they were of thalamic origin. On the basis of their amplitude and lack of collision with antidromic action potentials FPPs were neither axonal nor IS events. Passage of hyperpolarizing currents could block them in an all or none manner. It is concluded that FPPs represent electronically attenuated dendritic spikes generated in small side branches (oblique ascending dendrites) or fast Pt neurons where VL terminals most probably establish their synaptic contacts.

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Slow depolarizing potentials and spike generation in pyramidal tract cells.

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Vertical spread of neuronal activity within the cat motor cortex investigated with epicortical stimulation and intracellular recording.

Vertical spread of neuronal activity within the cat motor cortex investigated with epicortical stimulation and intracellular recording.

Apical dendrites of the neocortex: correlation between sodium- and calcium-dependent spiking and pyramidal cell morphology

Dendritic spikes induced in fast pyramidal tract neurons by thalamic stimulation

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