Slovak Karst: Surface and Subsurface Geodiversity of the Karst Plateau in the Temperate Climate Zone

Gaál, Ľudovít; Bella, Pavel; Jakál, Jozef

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89293-7_17

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Published data: cerová vrchovina highlands: Nyáryho (Mlejnek 1999(Mlejnek , 2000(Mlejnek , 2001, Ľadová trhlina, Nyáryho (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003, Stĺpová, Šurický úkryt (Papáč et al 2009); Čierna hora Mts. : Malá kvapľová, Neto pieria, Priepasťová (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003, Malá kvapľová, Veľká ružínska (Mock et al 2009); horehronské podolie Ba sin: Mýtňanská (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003; hornád River Basin: Hlboká priepasť, Ľadová, Na Dreveníku Ice Cave, Netopieria, Pod Lipou, Psia, Šikmá, Veľká (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003; Juhoslovenská Basin: Hor ná mašianska (Gaál 1987), Horná mašianska, Dolná mašianska (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003; Košice Basin: Jasovská (Strouhal 1939;Košel 1994;Lukáň et al 2004), Jasovská, Pod hradným vrchom (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003 1975), Duča (Gulička 1978), Medvedia (Košel 1976), Čertova, Medvedia, Psie diery, Suchá vyvieračka (Košel 1984), Medvedia (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003, Stratenská Cave System (Papáč et al 2020); Starohorské vrchy Mts. : Matúšova, Rozimova (Mlejnek & Ducháč 2001, 2003; Štiavnické vrchy Mts.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea) in Slovak caves: species diversity and distribution along regional and geographical gradients

Rudy,

Papáč,

Mlejnek

et al. 2021

Acta Carp. Occ.

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The area of Slovakia is rich in karst regions and caves, located in the mountainous relief of the western parts of the Carpathian Mountains -the northernmost distributional limit of the obligate cave terrestrial fauna in Europe. Terrestrial isopod fauna in Slovakia comprises 48 species, a third of which lives exclusively in synanthropic habitats. Caves represent prominent undisturbed refugia preserving relict fauna. Despite the long history of Slovak biospeleology, the knowledge about cave terrestrial isopods is scarce. We used the opportunity to prepare a comprehensive study of isopods in Slovak cave environment. We collected and analyzed the complete bibliography, which begins in the 1930s, although the first collections of isopods in our caves are dated to 1913. We used our own field data and the material of isopods from private collections of cave biologists in Czechia and Slovakia including collections from the estates of two deceased zoologists, J. Gulička and V. Ducháč. We gathered 434 samples collected in 111 caves of various types and elevations (from 210 to 1548 m a.s.l.) and one mine gallery, dated from 1948 to present. 5658specimens of 25 taxa at species level from 10 families were recognized. Another 3 species are documented by published data. Despite these relatively high numbers, the occurrence of isopods in deeper zones of Slovak caves is rare. Only 4 taxa from the present list are considered closely connected to deeper zones in caves and other subterranean habitats: Mesoniscus graniger, Androniscus cf. dentiger, Trichoniscus cf. pygmaeus, and one undetermined blind species of the family Trichoniscidae. Results indicate sparse populations of cave colonizers, except for Mesoniscus graniger. Two surface species, Cylisticus convexus and Hyloniscus riparius, occasionally inhabit the deeper zones of some caves. In contrast, cave entrances are inhabited by various isopods and represent important refugia of biodiversity, especially in a monotonous environment. Several species seem to prefer cave entrances, e.g. Trachelipus difficilis or Orthometopon planum. Abstrakt: Územie Slovenska je bohaté na kras a jaskyne, najmä v hornatom reliéfe Západných Karpát -najsevernejšej distribučnej hranici pravej jaskynnej suchozemskej fauny v Európe. Fauna rovnakonôžok na Slovensku zahŕňa 48 druhov, z ktorých tretina žije výlučne v synantropných biotopoch. Jaskyne predstavujú prominentné nerušené refúgiá uchovávajúce reliktnú faunu. Napriek

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Section: Methodsunclassified

Terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea) in Slovak caves: species diversity and distribution along regional and geographical gradients

Rudy,

Papáč,

Mlejnek

et al. 2021

Acta Carp. Occ.

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“…In the Cretaceous, due to tectonic compression, the carbonate layers were folded and nappes were created. Some parts became subaerial, which made karstification possible, as demonstrated by the first traces of paleokarst in the area [63,66]. The Oligocene was characterized by significant horizontal movements along tectonic lines [63].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the depths, there are caves with diverse speleo-features and genetics; thus, their geodiversity is outstanding, which is the main reason why these caves have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site [83]. The area of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst has been studied by many researchers from a geomorphological point of view [68,72,73,[84][85][86][87]. Among these publications, there are also several that specifically focus on doline morphometric analyses [11,18,20,31,71,80,[88][89][90].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, none of these publications provide a comprehensive morphometric description of the entire investigated area, as most of these works were written in the period before LiDAR became available. Slovak Karst has been studied by many researchers from a geomorphological point of view [68,72,73,[84][85][86][87]. Among these publications, there are also several that specifically focus on doline morphometric analyses [11,18,20,31,71,80,[88][89][90].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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LiDAR-Based Morphometry of Dolines in Aggtelek Karst (Hungary) and Slovak Karst (Slovakia)

Telbisz,

Mari,

Székely

2024

Remote Sensing

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LiDAR-based digital terrain models (DTMs) represent an advance in the investigation of small-scale geomorphological features, including dolines of karst terrains. Important issues in doline morphometry are (i) which statistical distributions best model the size distribution of doline morphometric parameters and (ii) how to characterize the volume of dolines based on high-resolution DTMs. For backward compatibility, how previous datasets obtained predominantly from topographic maps relate to doline data derived from LiDAR is also examined. Our study area includes the karst plateaus of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst national parks, whose caves are part of the UNESCO World Heritage. To characterize the study area, the relationships between doline parameters and topography were studied, as well as their geological characteristics. Our analysis revealed that the LiDAR-based doline density is 25% higher than the value calculated from topographic maps. Furthermore, LiDAR-based doline delineations are slightly larger and less rounded than in the case of topographic maps. The plateaus of the study area are characterized by low (5–10 km−2), moderate (10–30 km−2), and medium (30–35 km−2) doline densities. In terms of topography, the slope trend is decisive since the doline density is negligible in areas where the general slope is steeper than 12°. As for the lithology, 75% of the dolines can be linked to Wetterstein Limestone. The statistical distribution of the doline area can be well modeled by the lognormal distribution. To describe the DTM-based volume of dolines, a new parameter (k) is introduced to characterize their 3D shape: it is equal to the product of the area and the depth divided by the volume. This parameter indicates whether the idealized shape of the doline is closer to a cylinder, a bowl (calotte), a cone, or a funnel shape. The results show that most sinkholes in the study area have a transitional shape between a bowl (calotte) and a cone.

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Alpine travellers in the Carpathians: The story of two rock‐dwelling snails told by genes and fossils

Horsáková,

Divíšek,

Líznarová

et al. 2024

Journal of Biogeography

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AimVarious species distributed in the Alps have their disjunct occurrences in the Carpathians. Fossil evidence for some woodland snails of Alpine distribution suggests that they colonized the Carpathians during the Holocene forest optimum or later. Here, we focus on disjunct Carpathian populations of the rock‐dwelling alpine snail Pyramidula saxatilis. As it occupies very stable habitats, that is, high‐elevation limestone rocks, one can assume its potential survival in Carpathian refugia over the glacial period(s). For comparison, the more widespread and warm‐climate P. pusilla is analysed.LocationEurope.TaxonPyramidula saxatilis and P. pusilla.MethodsWe analysed the genetic diversity of P. saxatilis and P. pusilla populations across their entire ranges using mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA markers. Seven fossil mollusc successions from the area where P. saxatilis occurs in the Carpathians were analysed and dated using the radiocarbon method. Habitat suitability models of both species were calculated for selected time periods since the Last Glacial Maximum.ResultsAll Carpathian P. saxatilis populations were genetically homogeneous and similar to those from the Eastern Alps. In P. pusilla, we found a genetically distinct lineage in the southern Western Carpathians. Both species were found in three fossil profiles since the Middle Holocene, and in one already in the Late Glacial. Habitat suitability models suggested the fluctuations of suitable conditions in the Carpathians driven by summer precipitation, especially for P. saxatilis.Main ConclusionsOur results suggest that the Carpathian populations of P. saxatilis represent a post‐LGM colonization from the Eastern Alps triggered by climatic changes, mainly by the increase in summer precipitation during the Late Glacial interstadials and Middle Holocene. The evidence for P. pusilla is similar, but also suggests rare long‐term survival in the Carpathian microrefugia. The palaeoecological evidence indicates a possible threat to high‐elevation species from future fluctuations in precipitation regimes.

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Slovak Karst: Surface and Subsurface Geodiversity of the Karst Plateau in the Temperate Climate Zone

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea) in Slovak caves: species diversity and distribution along regional and geographical gradients

Terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea) in Slovak caves: species diversity and distribution along regional and geographical gradients

LiDAR-Based Morphometry of Dolines in Aggtelek Karst (Hungary) and Slovak Karst (Slovakia)

Alpine travellers in the Carpathians: The story of two rock‐dwelling snails told by genes and fossils

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