Slope Stability Analysis of Unsaturated Soil Slopes Based on the Site-Specific Characteristics: A Case Study of Hwangryeong Mountain, Busan, Korea

Abstract

Shallow slope failures occur almost every year during the rainy season. Continuous observation of the meteorological parameters and hydrological characteristics is required to more clearly understand the triggering mechanisms of shallow slope failure. In addition, influential factors, such as type of relative permeability models, air flow, and variation of hydraulic conductivity associated with stress–strain behavior of soil, have significant effects on the actual mechanism of rainfall infiltration. Real-time data including hourly rainfall and pore water pressure in response to rainfall was recorded by devices; then, the change in pore pressure from the devices was compared to the results from the infiltration analysis with applications of three relative permeability models, air flow, and the coupled hydro-mechanical analysis to examine an appropriate site-specific approach to a rainfall infiltration analysis. The infiltration and stability analyses based on the site-specific hydrologic characteristics were utilized to create maps of safety factors that depend on the cumulative rainfall. In regions vulnerable to landslides, rainfall forecast information and safety factor maps built by applying various rainfall scenarios can be useful in preparing countermeasures against disasters during the rainy season.

The Characteristics and Seepage Stability Analysis of Toppling-Sliding Failure under Rainfall

“…Rainfall is an important factor in triggering landslides [19][20][21][22][23]. It often leads to a rise in groundwater level or the development of the perched water zone, both of which may result in the reduction in soil matric suction (an increase in pore-water pressure).…”

The Use of Soil Moisture and Pore-Water Pressure Sensors for the Interpretation of Landslide Behavior in Small-Scale Physical Models

“…Various approaches have been successfully applied to investigate the hydraulic and mechanical response of slopes exposed to different rainfall conditions and the mechanisms leading to the initiation of rainfall-induced landslides. For example, numerical modelling has been successfully used to investigate how different factors affect the stability of both shallow (e.g., [ 1 , 7 , 8 , 10 , 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]) and deep-seated landslides under different rainfall conditions (e.g., [ 19 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]). Field monitoring has been successfully used to observe the hydraulic and mechanical performance of slopes in different geological and climatic contexts (e.g., [ 7 , 17 , 21 , 22 , 31 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ...…”

Sustainable Development in Mountainous Areas: Relimitation of Mountain Areas in Giresun Province and A Socio-Economic Analysis

“…Therefore, relimitations of mountainous areas, which are described as fragile, were focused in seminal studies with national and international implications. These studies applied different relimitation methods for mountainous areas by examining natural environment characteristics, Geographic Information Systems and general information Kapos et al, (2000); Blyth, (2002); Meybeck et al, (2001); Sayre, Frye, Karagulle, Krauer, and Breyer at al., (2018); Jia, Tang, Liu, 2020;Kang, Lee and Cho (2020); Dal and Gönençgil, (2018); ; ESPON (The European Observation Network for Territorial Development and Cohesion), (2012); Price and Butt, (2000); Peng, Hu, Qiu, Meersmans and Liu, (2019); Rodríguez-Rodríguez and Bomhard, (2012); Elibüyük and Yılmaz, (2010: 39); Debarbieux, Price and Balsiger, (2015); Dax, (2005). However, it is necessary to make sense of the socio-economic characteristics in mountainous areas as a process of environmental effect on people and environmental changed caused by people to determine the values in these areas precisely.…”