Slitless Grism Spectroscopy with the<i>Hubble Space Telescope</i>Advanced Camera for Surveys

Pasquali, A.; Pirzkal, Norbert; Larsen, S. S.; Walsh, J. R.; Kümmel, M.

doi:10.1086/498731

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…In addition, large scale Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometric and grism spectroscopic surveys have obtained photometric redshifts accurate to within a few percent, and have led to a better understanding of the stellar populations of a substantial number of galaxies at intermediate and high redshifts (z>1.5). Notable examples include the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) Early Release Science (ERS) field (Windhorst et al 2011) and the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Survey (CANDELS; Grogin et al 2011;Koekemoer et al 2011) which used imaging from WFC3/IR and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the HST, while the GRAPES (Pirzkal et al 2004;Pasquali et al 2006;Ryan et al 2007;Hathi et al 2009), PEARS (Ferreras et al 2009), and FIGS (Pirzkal et al 2017) surveys invested 40,200,and 160 HST orbits,covering 11.6,119,18.6 arcmin 2 , respectively to do slitless spectroscopy with the ACS/G800L and WFC3/G102 grisms. Similarly the 3D-HST survey (Brammer et al 2012;Skelton et al 2014;Bezanson et al 2016), which is a HST survey with the WFC3/G141 grism, also invested 248 orbits to conduct WFC3/G141 spectroscopy of the CANDELS fields covering 600 arcmin 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric Redshifts for z ∼ 1 Galaxies and Predictions for Number Densities with WFIRST and Euclid

Joshi

Cohen

Windhorst

et al. 2019

ApJ

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We investigate the accuracy of 4000Å/Balmer-break based redshifts by combining Hubble Space Telescope (HST) grism data with photometry. The grism spectra are from the Probing Evolution And Reionization Spectroscopically (PEARS) survey with HST using the G800L grism on the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The photometric data come from a compilation by the 3D-HST collaboration of imaging from multiple surveys (notably CANDELS and 3D-HST). We show evidence that spectrophotometric redshifts (SPZs) typically improve the accuracy of photometric redshifts by ∼17-60%. Our SPZ method is a template fitting based routine which accounts for correlated data between neighboring points within grism spectra via the covariance matrix formalism and also accounts for galaxy morphology along the dispersion direction. We show that the robustness of the SPZ is directly related to the fidelity of the D4000 measurement. We also estimate the accuracy of continuumbased redshifts, i.e., for galaxies that do not contain strong emission lines, based on the grism data alone (σ NMAD ∆z/(1+z) 0.06). Given that future space-based observatories like WFIRST and Euclid will spend a significant fraction of time on slitless spectroscopic observations, we estimate number densities for objects with |∆z/(1 + z s )| ≤ 0.02. We predict ∼700-4400 galaxies/degree 2 for galaxies with D4000>1.1 and |∆z/(1 + z s )| ≤ 0.02 to a limiting depth of i AB =24 mag. This is especially important in the absence of an accompanying rich photometric dataset like the existing one for the CANDELS fields, where redshift accuracy from future surveys will rely only on the presence of a feature like the 4000Å/Balmer breaks or the presence of emission lines within the grism spectra.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric Redshifts for z ∼ 1 Galaxies and Predictions for Number Densities with WFIRST and Euclid

Joshi

Cohen

Windhorst

et al. 2019

ApJ

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“…The high-redshift population of early-type galaxies is, thus, best investigated from space with low-resolution spectroscopy. This is the case of the HST Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which is equipped with a slitless grism covering the spectral range 5500 -10500 Å with a dispersion of 40 Å/pix in the first spectral order (Pasquali et al 2006a). The HST/ACS grism has been used for spectroscopic surveys like GRAPES (Pirzkal et al 2004) and PEARS (Malhotra et al, in preparation), where early-type galaxies brighter than I ≃ 26 mag have been identified up to z=2.5 and their individual spectra (typically with S/N > 10 pixel −1 ) have been analyzed to constrain their stellar populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Type Galaxies in the Pears Survey: Probing the Stellar Populations at Moderate Redshift

Ferreras

Pasquali

Malhotra

et al. 2009

ApJ

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Using HST/ACS slitless grism spectra from the PEARS program, we study the stellar populations of morphologically selected early-type galaxies in the GOODS North and South fields. The sample -extracted from a visual classification of the (v2.0) HST/ACS images and restricted to redshifts z>0.4 -comprises 228 galaxies (i F775W < 24 mag, AB) out to z 1.3 over 320 arcmin 2 , with a median redshift z M =0.75. This work significantly increases our previous sample from the GRAPES survey in the HUDF (18 galaxies over ∼11 arcmin 2 ; Pasquali et al. 2006b). The grism data allow us to separate the sample into 'red' and 'blue' spectra, with the latter comprising 15% of the total. Three different grids of models parameterising the star formation history are used to fit the low-resolution spectra. Over the redshift range of the sample -corresponding to a cosmic age between 5 and 10 Gyr -we find a strong correlation between stellar mass and average age, whereas the spread of ages (defined by the RMS of the distribution) is roughly ∼ 1 Gyr and independent of stellar mass. The best-fit parameters suggest it is formation epoch and not formation timescale, that best correlates with mass in early-type galaxies. This result -along with the recently observed lack of evolution of the number density of massive galaxies -motivates the need for a channel of (massive) galaxy formation bypassing any phase in the blue cloud, as suggested by the simulations of Dekel et al. (2009).

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“…Slitless spectroscopy produces a variable spectral resolution, depending on the size of the object. The details concerning this issue are described inPasquali et al (2006a) …”

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confidence: 99%

STELLAR POPULATIONS OF LATE-TYPE BULGES ATz≃ 1 IN THE HUBBLE ULTRA DEEP FIELD

Hathi¹,

Ferreras²,

Pasquali³

et al. 2008

ApJ

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We combine the exceptional depth of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) images and the deep GRism Advanced Camera for Surveys Program for Extragalactic Science (GRAPES) grism spectroscopy to explore the stellar populations of 34 bulges belonging to late-type galaxies at 0.8 z 1.3. The sample is selected based on the presence of a noticeable 4000 Å break in their GRAPES spectra, and by visual inspection of the HUDF images. The HUDF images are used to measure the bulge color and Sérsic index. The narrow extraction of the GRAPES data around the galaxy center enables us to study the spectrum of the bulges in these latetype galaxies, minimizing the contamination from the disk of the galaxy. We use the low-resolution (R 50) spectral energy distribution (SED) around the 4000 Å break to estimate redshifts and stellar ages. The SEDs are compared with models of galactic chemical evolution to determine the stellar mass, and to characterize the age distribution. We find that (1) the average age of late-type bulges in our sample is ∼1.3 Gyr with stellar masses in the range 10 6.5 -10 10 M . (2) Late-type bulges are younger than early-type galaxies at similar redshifts and lack a trend of age with respect to redshift, suggesting a more extended period of star formation. (3) Bulges and inner disks in these late-type galaxies show similar stellar populations, and (4) late-type bulges are better fitted by exponential surface brightness profiles. The overall picture emerging from the GRAPES data is that, in late-type galaxies at z 1 bulges form through secular evolution and disks via an inside-out process.

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Slitless Grism Spectroscopy with theHubble Space TelescopeAdvanced Camera for Surveys

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Spectrophotometric Redshifts for z ∼ 1 Galaxies and Predictions for Number Densities with WFIRST and Euclid

Spectrophotometric Redshifts for z ∼ 1 Galaxies and Predictions for Number Densities with WFIRST and Euclid

Early-Type Galaxies in the Pears Survey: Probing the Stellar Populations at Moderate Redshift

STELLAR POPULATIONS OF LATE-TYPE BULGES ATz≃ 1 IN THE HUBBLE ULTRA DEEP FIELD

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