Slingshot homolog-1 expression is a poor prognostic factor of pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma after transurethral resection

Abstract

Objective Slingshot homolog-1 (SSH-1) shows an important role in the occurrence and development in various tumors. While, the expression and prognostic implications of SSH-1 in bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) remain unclear and thus were addressed in this study. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tissue microarrays composed of 624 bladder UC specimens after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) to detect SSH-1 expression. The clinic-pathological features were compared between SSH-1(+) and SSH-1(−) subgroups. The Kaplan-Meier curve with log-rank test and univariate/multivariate Cox regression model with stepwise backward elimination methods were performed for survival analyses. Results In this study, 359 (57.53%) specimens were detected with SSH-1 expression. SSH-1 positivity was significantly associated with higher pathological grade (p = 0.020), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.006), tumor recurrence (p < 0.001) and progression (p < 0.001) in bladder UC. Besides, SSH-1 positivity predicted a shorter overall survival (OS, p = 0.024), recurrence-free survival (RFS, p < 0.001), progression-free survival (PFS, p = 0.002) and cancer-specific survival (CSS, p = 0.047). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that tumor size (p = 0.007), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.003), recurrence (p < 0.001), progression (p < 0.001) and SSH-1 expression (p = 0.015) were predictors of poor prognosis in bladder UC patients. Conclusions SSH-1 expression was associated with undesirable clinic-pathological characteristics and poor post-operative prognosis in bladder UC patients. SSH-1 might play an important role in bladder UC and serve as a promising predictor of oncological outcomes in patients with bladder UC.

Immune profiles and DNA methylation alterations related with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer outcomes

“…Among the top CpGs whose methylation was associated with NMIBC recurrence or death in the fully adjusted models, some genes have been previously associated with bladder cancer. Slingshot homolog-1 ( SSH1 ) had a positive association with tumor grade, tumor invasion, and tumor recurrence of bladder cancer patients [ 46 ]. Runt-related transcription factor 2 ( RUNX2 ) is a key factor of osteoblast differentiation and has been reported to be associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder tumors.…”

Identifying novel cell glycolysis related gene signature predictive of overall survival in bladder urothelial carcinoma

“…Forkhead box A1 (FoxA1) depletion can lead to increased proliferation and invasion of the BLCA cells and is considered an independent adverse prognostic factor [7]. Besides, slingshot homolog-1 (SSH-1) expression is associated with the poor prognosis of BLCA patients [8].…”