Slides, soft-sediment deformations, and mass flows from Proterozoic Lakheri Limestone Formation, Vindhyan Supergroup, central India, and their implications towards basin tectonics

Abstract

The Neoproterozoic Lakheri Limestone (LL) Member of Vindhyan Supergroup, central India, interpreted as a low-gradient homoclinal ramp, contains a wide range of signatures indicating syn-sedimentary basinal extension and compression. Whereas features like intraformational truncation (slide) surfaces of varying geometry, creep and bedding translation manifest the phases of extension, the compressional events are registered in bed-conWned thrusts and outcrop-scale folds. A wide range of outcrop and microscopic deformational features are associated with the sliding events, the expressions of which vary based on their relative position with respect to the slide surface (over-or underlying) and the degree of built-up pore water pressure. The detached sediment mass often evolved in the form of mass Xows with rheology varying between cohesive debris Xow and low-density turbidity current. In particular, operation of reXected turbiditic Xows is suggestive of irregular depositional substrate, induced by curvilinear syn-sedimentary slides in otherwise low-gradient distal shelf platformal setting. The present study intends to relate the observed extensional and compressional features of LL succession with the Xexural response of early rifted Vindhyan basement under reversing in-plane stress in its post-rift depositional history. Bipolar NE-SW orientation of the slide planes is well consistent with the proposed rifted conWguration of Vindhyan basement. Centimeter-to decimeter-deep slide detachments and equally thick mass-Xow beds are indicative of relatively deeper level of necking during the early syn-rift phase of Vindhyan history.

Seismic and non-seismic soft-sediment deformation structures in the Proterozoic Bhander Limestone, central India

“…1). The Lower Vindhyan Group formed within an intracratonic rift basin (Bose et al, 1997(Bose et al, , 2001Chakraborty, 2011) and the Upper Vindhyan Group, to which the Bhander Formation belongs, within an intracratonic sag basin (Sarkar et al, 2002).…”

Aptian Flysch in Central Tibet: Constraints on the Timing of Closure of the Bangong‐Nujiang Tethyan Ocean

“…The volcanic materials were mainly derived from subaerially transported volcanic ash (Figure 12), rather than from denudation and surface transport, such as in typical fore‐arc basins and back‐arc basins (Yan et al, 2010, 2016). Previous studies have revealed that SSDS can reflect the tectonic activity of the basin's basement (Chakraborty, 2011; Fodor et al, 1992; Lv et al, 2011). Many SSDS have been found in the Aptian flysch.…”

Origin and evolution of the Vindhyan Basin: a geochemical perspective

“…With an archive of approximately one billion years of sedimentation history starting from ~1.8 Ga ago, the Vindhyan Basin has the potential to record tectono-thermal and climatic changes during late Paleoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic. The Vindhyan Basin has been studied thoroughly in terms of its geophysical, sedimentological, and palaeontological evolution (c.f., Adnan et al, 2015;Banerjee, 2000;Banerjee and Banerjee, 2010;Banerjee and Chopra, 1986;Banerjee and Jeevan Kumar, 2007;Banerjee et al, 2014;Bengtson et al, 2009;Bose et al, 2001Bose et al, , 2015Chakraborty, 2004Chakraborty, , 2011Kumar, 2016;Mishra, 2011Mishra, , 2015Prasad and Asher, 2016;Prasad and Rao, 2006;Sarkar et al, 2004;Samanta et al, 2016;Seilacher, 1998;Sur et al, 2006;Verma and Shukla, 2015) while geochemical and isotopic studies have tried to address sediment provenance, tectonic evolution and sub-basin connectivity (c.f., Kumar et al, 2002;Ray et al, 2003;Chakrabarti et al, 2007;Shukla et al, 2019). This article reviews our current understanding of the origin and evolution of the Vindhyan Basin, primarily from a geochemical perspective, and its relation to Proterozoic events globally.…”