“…Moreover, optimized thin-walled members are generally susceptible to triggering different buckling modes simultaneously [4] and exhibit highly nonlinear behaviour with failure modes being associated with a severe degree of sensitivity to imperfections [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Moreover, owing to their excellent ductility, most steel thinwalled members in structural engineering are designed such that their ultimate state lies in the elasto-plastic range [11], which has also been observed in many experimental studies [12,13,14,15,16,17]. The coupling of material nonlinearity and buckling mode interaction has been shown to increase the imperfection sensitivity further [18,19].…”