Sleepwalking

Banerjee, Dev; Nisbet, Angus

doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2011.07.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…increased cyclic alternation pattern. 19 The facts of the case and the behaviour during the 'event' are the most important data, all of which must fit that of a DOA. A normal PSG does not exclude the diagnosis of sleepwalking, nor can sleep studies provide confirmation or exclusion that a person was sleepwalking at the time of the alleged crime.…”

Section: Expert Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Medico-legal evaluation of sleep-related automatism

Ebrahim

Rumbold

2015

Med Sci Law

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Lord Denning defines legal automatism in Bratty v A-G for Northern Ireland as:. .. an act which is done by the muscles without any control by the mind, such as a spasm, a reflex action, or a convulsion; or an act done by a person who is not conscious of what he is doing, such as an act done while suffering from concussion or while sleepwalking. 1 Fenwick provides a comprehensive medico-legal definition of automatism: An automatism is an involuntary piece of behaviour over which an individual has no control. The behaviour is usually inappropriate to the circumstances, and may be out of character for the individual. It can be complex, coordinated and apparently purposeful and directed, though lacking in judgment. Afterwards the individual may have no recollection or only a partial and confused memory for his actions. In organic automatisms there must be some disturbance of brain function sufficient to give rise to the above features. 2

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Section: Expert Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are markers for sleepwalking on polysomnography: a higher proportion of slow wave sleep (SWS), especially when very fragmented; increased arousal index (arousals per hour); increased relative power of low delta activity; hypersynchronous delta activity; and increased cyclic alternation pattern. 19 …”

Section: Non–rapid Eye Movement Parasomnias or Doamentioning

confidence: 99%

Medico-legal evaluation of sleep-related automatism

Ebrahim

Rumbold

2015

Med Sci Law

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“…Frequently there is a family history, and factors increasing or fragmenting deep sleep may trigger episodes. The three most common NREM parasomnias are sleepwalking, 2 night terrors, and confusional arousal. Night terrors can be associated with a variety of symptoms and manifestations, the most common being screaming and prominent sympathetic activity such as tachycardia and sweating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult-Onset NREM Parasomnia with Hypnopompic Hallucinatory Pain: A Case Report

Mantoan

Eriksson

Nisbet

et al. 2013

Sleep

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We report the case of a 43-year-old woman presenting with nocturnal episodes of pain and screaming during sleep starting at age 30. There was no childhood or family history of parasomnia. The events had gradually become more frequent over the years, occurring in the first half of the night within 2 h of sleep onset. There were no triggers, and she had partial amnesia for the events. A diagnosis of adult-onset sleep terrors was made on clinical grounds and supported polysomnographically. Seizures and periodic limb movements were excluded as triggering factors. There was some mild sleep disordered breathing (predominantly non-desaturating hypopnea with a propensity for REM sleep of debatable significance). Imaging of the brain and spine and neurophysiological investigations ruled out lesions, entrapments, or neuropathies as possible causes of pain. Treatment (clonazepam, paroxetine, or gabapentin) was poorly tolerated and made no difference to the nocturnal episodes, while trazodone worsened them. This is the first report of hypnopompic psychic pain in association with a NREM parasomnia. We hypothesize that the pain may represent a sensory hallucination analogous to the more commonly recognized visual NREM parasomnia-associated hypnopompic visual hallucinations and that, as such, it may arise during arousal of the sensory neocortex as confabulatory response.

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Some Difficulties That People May Have with Sleep

Moorcroft

2013

Understanding Sleep and Dreaming

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Sleepwalking

Cited by 5 publications

References 110 publications

Medico-legal evaluation of sleep-related automatism

Medico-legal evaluation of sleep-related automatism

Adult-Onset NREM Parasomnia with Hypnopompic Hallucinatory Pain: A Case Report

Some Difficulties That People May Have with Sleep

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