Sleep-related vagotonic effect of zolpidem in rats

Chen, Hsiao Ying; Kuo, Terry B.J.; Shaw, Fu-Zen; Lai, Chiung Ru; Yang, Cheryl C.H.

doi:10.1007/s00213-005-2236-0

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Zolpidem in contrast had no significant effect on blood pressure in humans (Cashman et al, 1987) or in rats (Mailliet et al, 2001). Others report conflicting changes in RR intervals, depending on the dose of zolpidem administered but mainly due to a change in cardiac vagal tone, rather than on sympathetic outflow (Chen et al, 2005). These data fit well with our report of the effects of different modulators on tonic GABA inhibition.…”

Section: Functional Significance Of Tonic Gabaergic Inhibitionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Tonic GABAergic Inhibition of Sympathetic Preganglionic Neurons: A Novel Substrate for Sympathetic Control

Wang¹,

Spary²,

Deuchars³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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The sympathetic tone is primarily defined by the level of activity of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons. We report a novel inhibitory influence on sympathetic activity, that of tonic GABAergic inhibition which could have a profound global effect on sympathetic outflow. Recording from identified SPNs in the intermediolateral cell column (IML) of rat spinal cord slices, application of the GABA receptor antagonist bicuculline, but not gabazine, elicited a change in voltage that lasted for the duration of application. This response was mediated by a direct effect on SPNs since it persisted in tetrodotoxin and low Ca 2ϩ /high Mg 2ϩ and the amplitude of responses were related to Cl Ϫ concentration in patch solutions. Such tonic inhibitory responses were not observed in interneurons, the other neuronal type in the IML, although ongoing IPSPs were antagonized in these neurons. The effects of bicuculline were enhanced by diazepam but not zolpidem or the GABA modulators THIP and THDOC suggesting a role for ␣5 subunits. PCR using primers for the ␣5 and ␦ subunits indicated the presence of ␣5, but not ␦ subunits in the IML. Firing rates of SPNs were enhanced by bicuculline and decreased by diazepam indicating that this tonic inhibition has a profound effect on the excitability of SPNs. These data indicate a novel influence for controlling the activity of SPNs regardless of their function.

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Section: Functional Significance Of Tonic Gabaergic Inhibitionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Tonic GABAergic Inhibition of Sympathetic Preganglionic Neurons: A Novel Substrate for Sympathetic Control

Wang¹,

Spary²,

Deuchars³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…Our results from zolpidem administration in the CFS-exposed rats are consistent with the data of previous studies that have tested zolpidem effects in the normal rat. For example, some studies have shown that the intraperitoneal administration of zolpidem at 3 or 10 mg/kg doses increases SWS in normal rats [10, 26, 54]. Another study in the normal adult rat reported that the latency to SWS was reduced after administration of zolpidem at doses of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mg/kg [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, a number of studies in both humans [24, 28, 40, 47–49, 62, 63, 82] and animals [10, 34, 35, 54, 64, 95, 110, 111] have tested the hypnotic effects of eszopiclone and zolpidem. These studies have suggested that both eszopiclone and zolpidem are nearly equally effective hypnotics with very few or no adverse side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of eszopiclone and zolpidem on sleep–wake behavior, anxiety-like behavior and contextual memory in rats

Huang

Radadia

Macone

et al. 2010

Behavioural Brain Research

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At present, eszopiclone and zolpidem are the most commonly prescribed drugs for treating insomnia. Despite the established relationship between sleep disturbance and anxiety, it remains unknown whether targeted treatment for insomnia may affect acute anxiety. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of three different doses (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) of eszopiclone and zolpidem on the states of sleep and wakefulness, levels of anxiety-like behavior, and long-term contextual memory in footshock-induced anxious rats. The results of this study demonstrated that the administration of eszopiclone and zolpidem both were equally effective in attenuating footshock stressor-induced suppression of slow-wave sleep (SWS). The administration of eszopiclone at 1 mg/kg or zolpidem at 1 and 3 mg/kg doses showed a tendency for attenuating stressor-induced suppression of REM sleep. However, the REM sleep attenuating effects of these drugs disappeared when they were administered at higher doses. The administration of eszopiclone at 3 and 10 mg/kg doses and zolpidem at all three doses reduced the power of electroencephalographic theta band frequencies during wakefulness. In addition, the administration of eszopiclone at 1 and 3 mg/kg doses suppressed stressor-induced anxiety-like behavior. The administration of zolpidem at 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg doses was not effective in attenuating stressor-induced anxiety-like behavior. Contextual memory after administration of eszopiclone at 1 mg/kg dose had no effects, but was reduced significantly with increased dosage. Contextual memory after administration of zolpidem, at all three doses, was severely disrupted. The results of this study suggest that eszopiclone at a low dose could be used effectively to control anxiety and anxiety-induced insomnia.

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“…However, several prior studies have demonstrated that the measurement of HRV while a person is awake may not reflect their HRV state during sleep (13,14), since some delicate alternations -such as sympathetic activation accompanied by hypertension -are not readily detected without conducting a sleep study (13,15). Recent improvements in sleep research techniques (13,(15)(16)(17)(18) now allow us to test whether sleep patterns and sleep-related cardiac autonomic regulation are influenced by long-term night shift work in nurses. It therefore seems appropriate to undertake an exploration of the changes in HRV which accompany sleep, in order to clarify the pathways between cardiovascular disease and nurses engaged in shift working.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and autonomic nervous system changes – enhanced cardiac sympathetic modulations during sleep in permanent night shift nurses

Chung¹,

Kuo²,

Hsu³

et al. 2009

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Sleep-related vagotonic effect of zolpidem in rats

Abstract: Zolpidem not only caused a longer and deeper sleep but also led to an elevated cardiac vagal activity at a specific dose in the rat.

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Tonic GABAergic Inhibition of Sympathetic Preganglionic Neurons: A Novel Substrate for Sympathetic Control

Tonic GABAergic Inhibition of Sympathetic Preganglionic Neurons: A Novel Substrate for Sympathetic Control

Effects of eszopiclone and zolpidem on sleep–wake behavior, anxiety-like behavior and contextual memory in rats

Sleep and autonomic nervous system changes – enhanced cardiac sympathetic modulations during sleep in permanent night shift nurses

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