Sleep Quality of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Abstract

ObjectiveWe aimed to measure prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) by calculating Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and compare these data with patients with benign thyroid nodules or normal participants.MethodsThree groups of patients participated in this cross-sectional study. In the first group, 162 patients with DTC received total thyroidectomy, and then 131I therapy. The second group consisted of 84 patients with benign thyroid nodules, who received partial thyroidectomy. The third group was 78 normal healthy control cases. PSQI was used to assess the sleep quality. Inter-group differences were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test or independent samples T test. χ2 test was also used to check prevalence differences of poor sleep quality among the groups. Differences of PSQI score and poor sleep quality prevalence before and after 131I therapy in the same group of DTC participants were analyzed by paired T test and Mcnemar's test.ResultsHigher PSQI score (7.59 ± 4.21) and higher rate of poor sleep quality (54.32%) were shown in DTC patients than in any other group. After 131I therapy, PSQI score and prevalence of poor sleep quality in DTC patients increased significantly to 8.78 ± 4.72 and 70.99%. Then DTC patients were divided into two subgroups based on their metastatic status. DTC patients with metastasis (87/162 cases, 53.70%) had significantly higher PSQI score (10.87 ± 5.18) and higher prevalence of poor sleep quality (79.31%).ConclusionDTC patients suffer from sleep disturbance, 131I therapy and awareness of metastatic status could worsen sleep problem. Psychological fear of cancer, nuclear medicine therapy and metastasis could be one major underlying reason. Longitude and interventional studies are necessary for further investigations.

TERT promoter mutation in primary papillary thyroid carcinoma lesions predicts absent or lower 131i uptake in metastases

“…All of the 33 RAIR patients received at least two courses of 131 I therapy, whereas all of the 34 disease‐free cases received only one course of 131 I therapy. The patients were treated and monitored according to our standard procedures , which are generally in accordance with the recognized US and Chinese guidelines . Clinical data were available for all recruited cases.…”

Specific oxidants improve the wood bonding strength of soy and other plant flours

“…The delamination was measured within 15 min of removal from the oven, according to ANSI/HPVA HP-1. 27 For testing shear strength, the panels were cut into 82.6 × 25.4-mm samples according to ASTM D906-98 33 with half of the samples being tested dry and half tested wet after soaking in room temperature water for 24 h. In a modification of D906, all samples were pulled with the lathe checks closed to obtain more consistent data.…”

“…24 Half of these carbohydrates are soluble, such as sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose, and half are insoluble, such as polymers containing rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, glucose, xylose, and mannose. [25][26][27][28] As illustrated in Figure 1, carbohydrates can bridge between the protein globules, which provides good strength under dry conditions, but these bonds most likely break down with the addition of water. 29 If the carbohydrates were removed, there would be better coalescence of the protein globules, which is an important property of the soy protein isolate (and is measured by gel strength).…”

Anxiety and Fear of Recurrence Despite a Good Prognosis: An Interview Study with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients

“…Those patients that are more physically active are shown to have lower levels of fatigue 190 , and exercise contributes to better HRQoL in thyroid cancer patients 191 . Other frequent symptoms negatively affecting HRQoL are sleeping problems 192 , irritability, and nervousness 172,173,193 , which all negatively affect HRQoL.…”