Sleep Quality Among Pregnant Women Amidst COVID-19: Association with Mental Wellbeing and Self-efficacy

Abstract

Background: Currently, corona virus disease has imposed huge global burdens and psychological impacts. Although unpredicted stress from this outbreak resulted in disturbed sleep in general, its effect on sleep among pregnant women is not well explored yet. Thus, the main aim of this study was to explore quality of sleep among pregnant mothers amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Health facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out from April to May, 2020 among 228 pregnant women. Frequencies and related percentages were calculated for categorical variables, while continuous variables were computed by mean and standard deviation. Chi-square test was conducted and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to assess relationship between variables. For statistical significance, p-value<.05 and 95% CI were considered. Results: For study subjects, the mean age was 30.79 (SD±7.57) and 57% of them had reported quality of sleep quality and mean sleep duration was 6.70 hours (SD±1.95). Among all participants, less than one-fifth (44, 19.3%) of them had reported very good subjective sleep quality. Perceived stress, depression and Anxiety have moderate to strong positive association with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (r=0.36, 0.37 and 0.57 respectively) at significant level. Self-efficacy was moderately linked in negative direction (r=0.32, p<0.001). Conclusion: As our finding revealed, the occurrence of poor quality of sleep was high among pregnant women during the era of COVID-19 and anxiety, depression and stress were identified as contributor factors. Routine assessment of sleep should be considered along with collaboration of antenatal care and psychiatry units.

Poor sleep quality and associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women in Northwest, Ethiopia: a facility-based, cross-sectional study

“…This is probably due to the fact that individuals, who had general anxiety symptoms, have an impact on poor quality of life and lead to poor sleep quality [59]. The finding is similar to a study done in Ethiopia [41] and the US [60].…”

“…Various factors were identified as a factor of poor sleep quality in the previous studies conducted across the globe, history of abortion, comorbid depression and anxiety [39][40][41][42], gestational age (second and third trimester) [43], history of stillbirth, multigravida [44,45], individual-level of stress [44], stressful life events [41,46,47], living in rural areas [48], poor sleep hygiene [42], absence of postnatal care, current use tobacco and khat [49] were the determinant factors of poor sleep quality during pregnancy.…”

Poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women during COVID-19 in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we included nine cross sectional studies ( Amare, Chekol & Aemro, 2022 ; Anbesaw et al., 2021a ; Anbesaw et al., 2021b ; Bogale et al, 2022 ; Dule et al, 2021 ; Jemere et al, 2021 ; Belete et al., 2021 ; Molla, Nigussie & Girma, 2022 ; Takelle, Muluneh & Biresaw, 2022 ; Anbesaw et al., 2021b ) on the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia. Based on the types of mental disorders; six studies ( Amare, Chekol & Aemro, 2022 ; Bogale et al, 2022 ; Anbesaw et al., 2021a ; Anbesaw et al., 2021b ; Jemere et al, 2021 ; Takelle, Muluneh & Biresaw, 2022 ; Dule et al, 2021 ) were reported about poor sleep quality; three studies ( Belete et al., 2021 ; Anbesaw et al., 2021b ; Molla, Nigussie & Girma, 2022 ) were reported about suicidal ideation. Furthermore, the summarized data of the key characteristics of the included studies for this review were showed in Table 1 .…”

“…Women who are on antenatal care developed suicidal ideation due to different factors including, absence of cohabiting partners, history of abortion, depression, anxiety, intimate partner violence, poor sleep quality and stress ( Anbesaw et al., 2021b ). There are single level study findings in Ethiopia ( Amare, Chekol & Aemro, 2022 ; Anbesaw et al., 2021a ; Bogale et al, 2022 ; Dule et al, 2021 ; Jemere et al, 2021 ; Belete et al., 2021 ; Molla, Nigussie & Girma, 2022 ; Takelle, Muluneh & Biresaw, 2022 ; Anbesaw et al., 2021a ) on the prevalence of poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women during COVID-19. The reports on prevalence of poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation in Ethiopia were high, and the results were inconsistent.…”

The Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Activity Patterns of Dental Students: A Multinational Survey

“…These enacted measures from the governments of the respective countries had a detrimental effect on the social and psychological well-being of citizens, especially students [ 14 ]. It was apparent from the restrictions on students that their physical activity (PA) behavior and well-being would be adversely affected [ 15 ], because the students were exposed to psychological fatigue and limited physical activities due to the restrictions following the cessation of all sports and educational activities, such as stadiums and recreation facilities [ 16 , 17 ]. The aftermath effect of these setbacks created an imbalance in the mental well-being, PA, motivated behavior status, and concentration amongst students [ 18 , 19 ].…”