Sleep Management Strategy and Performance in an Extreme Mountain Ultra-marathon

Poussel, Mathias; Laroppe, Julien; Hurdiel, Rémy; Girard, Julien; Poletti, Laurence; Thil, Catherine; Didelot, Antoine; Chenuel, Bruno

doi:10.1080/15438627.2015.1040916

Cited by 37 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Despite increased isometric exercise performance and lower RPE with sleep extension vs normal sleep, neuromuscular parameters were not different between the two conditions. The positive effect of greater sleep time on exercise performance is supported by findings from UTMB where runners that slept longer the night before the race had faster finishing times than the runners that did not (Poussel et al 2015). Another relevant study occurred in conjunction with TdG.…”

Section: Sleep Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In ultra-endurance exercise bouts, this may present as either complete (i.e. no sleep) or partial (some sleep) sleep deprivation, depending on the duration of the ultra-endurance event or experience or sleep strategy of the athlete (Poussel et al 2015). Individuals experiencing sleep deprivation often report subjective feelings of tiredness, clumsiness and fatigue.…”

Section: Sleep Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies of locomotor activities have observed reduced exercise performance with sleep deprivation ranging from one night to 50 h of sleep deprivation (Martin 1981;Martin and Chen 1984;Oliver et al 2009;Temesi et al 2013). However, taking the time to sleep during an ultra-endurance race may increase finishing time (Poussel et al 2015), and therefore, result in a worse performance. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), while not directly a measure of neuromuscular function or central fatigue may play an important role in ultra-endurance exercise performance, especially in ultra-endurance exercise bouts that occur in conjunction with sleep deprivation.…”

Section: Sleep Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of the nervous system in neuromuscular fatigue induced by ultra-endurance exercise

Millet

Martín

Temesi

2018

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Ultra-endurance events are not a recent development but they have only become very popular in the last 2 decades, particularly ultramarathons run on trails. The present paper reviews the role of the central nervous system in neuromuscular fatigue induced by ultra-endurance exercise. Large decreases in voluntary activation are systematically found in ultra-endurance running but are attenuated in ultra-endurance cycling for comparable intensity and duration. This indirectly suggests that afferent feedback, rather than neurobiological changes within the central nervous system, is determinant in the amount of central fatigue produced. Whether this is due to inhibition from type III and IV afferent fibres induced by inflammation, disfacilitation of Ia afferent fibers owing to repeated muscle stretching or other mechanisms still needs to be determined. Sleep deprivation per se does not seem to play a significant role in central fatigue although it still affects performance by elevating ratings of perceived exertion. The kinetics of central fatigue and recovery, the influence of muscle group (knee extensors vs plantar flexors) on central deficit as well as the limitations related to studies on central fatigue in ultra-endurance exercise are also discussed in the present article. To date, no study has quantified the contribution of spinal modulations to central fatigue in ultra-endurance events. Future investigations utilizing spinal stimulation (i.e., thoracic stimulation) must be conducted to assess the role of changes in motoneuronal excitability on the observed central fatigue. Recovery after ultra-endurance events and the effect of sex on neuromuscular fatigue must also be studied further.

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Section: Sleep Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Sleep Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sleep Deprivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of the nervous system in neuromuscular fatigue induced by ultra-endurance exercise

Millet

Martín

Temesi

2018

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…This ultra-endurance discipline is extremely challenging, and runners must deal with environmental and meteorological conditions, altitude changes, the topography of the terrain, the onset of pain and fatigue, muscular damage (e.g., Schmidt Easthope et al, 2010), exhaustion and effects due to sleep deprivation (e.g., Hurdiel et al, 2015; Poussel et al, 2015). Furthermore, Nicolas et al (2011) showed that runners’ perceptions of stress after a 24-h ultra-marathon alter their psychological recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enacting Phenomenological Gestalts in Ultra-Trail Running: An Inductive Analysis of Trail Runners’ Courses of Experience

et al. 2018

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Using an enactive approach to trail runners’ activity, this study sought to identify and characterize runners’ phenomenological gestalts, which are forms of experience that synthesize the heterogeneous sensorimotor, cognitive and emotional information that emerges in race situations. By an in-depth examination of their meaningful experiences, we were able to highlight the different typologies of interactions between bodily processes (e.g., sensations and pains), behaviors (e.g., actions and strategies), and environment (e.g., meteorological conditions and route profile). Ten non-professional runners who ran an ultra-trail running race (330 km, 24,000 m of elevation gain) volunteered to participate in the study. Data were collected in two steps: (1) collection of past activity traces (i.e., race maps, field notes, and self-assessment scales) and (2) enactive interviews using the past activity traces in which the runners were invited to relive their experience and describe their activity. The enactive interviews were coded using the course-of-experience methodology to identify the phenomenological gestalts that emerged from activity and scaffolded the runners’ courses of experience. The results revealed that runners typically enact three phenomenological gestalts: controlling global ease, enduring general fatigue and experiencing difficult situations, and feeling freedom in the running pace. These phenomenological gestalts were made up of specific behaviors, involvements, and meaningful situated elements that portrayed various ways of achieving an ultra-endurance performance in the race situation. They also highlighted how runners enact a meaningful world by acting in relation to the fluctuations in physical sensations and environmental conditions during an ultra-trail race. Practical applications for preparation, race management and sports psychology interventions are proposed to enrich the existing recommendations. In conclusion, this approach provides new research perspectives by offering a more holistic grasp of activity in trail running through an in-depth analysis of athletes’ experience. In doing so, we may expect that runners can connect these typical gestalts to their own personal experiences and stories as trail runners in order to sustain a viable approach to their sport.

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“…The effects of extreme fatigue induced via sleep deprivation were studied in a sample of mountain ultra-marathon runners (Poussel et al, 2015). Runners who adopted a sleep-management strategy of increasing sleep time a few days before the race finished faster on average.…”

Section: Physiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Cognitive Factors Related to Human Performance During the Grand Canyon Rim-to-Rim Hike

Divis¹,

Anderson-Bergman²,

Abbott³

et al. 2018

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

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Exposure to extreme environments is both mentally and physically taxing, leading to suboptimal performance and even life-threatening emergencies. Physiological and cognitive monitoring could provide the earliest indicator of performance decline and inform appropriate therapeutic intervention, yet little research has explored the relationship between these markers in strenuous settings. The Rim-to-Rim Wearables at the Canyon for Health (R2R WATCH) study is a research project at Sandia National Laboratories funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency to identify which physiological and cognitive phenomena collected by non-invasive wearable devices are the most related to performance in extreme environments. In a pilot study, data were collected from civilians and military warfighters hiking the Rim-to-Rim trail at the Grand Canyon. Each participant wore a set of devices collecting physiological, cognitive, and environmental data such as heart rate, memory, ambient temperature, etc. Promising preliminary results found correlates between physiological markers recorded by the wearable devices and decline in cognitive abilities, although further work is required to refine those measurements. Planned follow-up studies will validate these findings and further explore outstanding questions.

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Sleep Management Strategy and Performance in an Extreme Mountain Ultra-marathon

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

The role of the nervous system in neuromuscular fatigue induced by ultra-endurance exercise

The role of the nervous system in neuromuscular fatigue induced by ultra-endurance exercise

Enacting Phenomenological Gestalts in Ultra-Trail Running: An Inductive Analysis of Trail Runners’ Courses of Experience

Physiological and Cognitive Factors Related to Human Performance During the Grand Canyon Rim-to-Rim Hike

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