Sleep in Men and Women Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract

Little is known about sleep problems in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The article reports a study that assessed quantitative and qualitative aspects of sleep in a group of men and women with HIV infection and examined sleep parameters in regard to the degree of immune function. The convenience sample of 50 persons was drawn from an HIV clinic in a large midwestern metropolitan area. Subjects identified a variety of problems with their sleep that were not significantly related to their immune status. The findings of this study indicate that nurses should perform a sleep history and assessment on all persons with HIV infection to identify those in need of intervention.

Sleep quality and health-related quality of life in HIV-infected African-American women of childbearing age

“…Almost two-thirds (66%) of the HIV-infected African-American women participating in our study reported a PSQI global score of 5 or greater, and almost one-half (47%) reported a PSQI global score of 7 or greater. These findings are consistent with those of previous studies reporting a high incidence of sleep disturbance in HIV-infected individuals [1,3,6]. Although objectively measured sleep disturbances have been shown to begin early in HIV infection [31], our findings support the contention that increased incidence and severity of disturbances in sleep occur with the progression of HIV disease.…”

“…Sleep disturbance is a frequent symptom that is reported early in HIV disease and continues throughout the illness [1][2][3][4][5]. In research conducted in an urban HIV/AIDS clinic, Rubinstein and Selwyn [6] found that 73% of the respondents were classified as having a sleep disturbance using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).…”

Spiritual Well-Being, Sleep Disturbance, and Mental and Physical Health Status in Hiv-Infected Individuals

“…The symptoms of opportunistic infections and malignancies that accompany HIV disease are factors that often contribute to sleep disturbance (Phillips, 1999). Additionally, psychological factors, such as perceived stress, anxiety, and depression, have been implicated in sleep disturbance in HIV-infected individuals (Cohen, Ferrans, Vizgirda, Kunkle, & Cloninger, 1996;Darko et al, 1992;Mock et al, 2002). Even medical interventions can cause sleep disruption.…”

Distress, Sleep Difficulty, and Fatigue in Women Co-Infected With HIV and HPV

“…Objective measures of sleep, such as polysomnography, have shown longer sleep latency, shorter total sleep time, reduced sleep efficiency, and more time spent in Stage 1 sleep in HIVC patients compared to healthy controls (Wiegand et al, 1991). On subjective measures of sleep, a study of 50 HIVC patients by Cohen, Ferrans, Vizgirda, Kunkle, and Cloninger (1996) indicated that 60% of participants reported moderate or severe restlessness during sleep, 44% reported being moderately or very tired in the morning, 26% reported sleep quality as poor or very poor, and 70% reported awakening more than once per night.…”