“…Instead, both systems focus on the potential bidirectional associations between internalizing and sleep problems, such that stress, anxiety, and depression are thought to cause disruptions in sleep and poor sleep quality, which exacerbates anxiety and mood problems (Cox & Olatunji, 2020). Within the context of SUDs, specifically, alcohol and other substances disrupt sleep, which may elicit the causal association between sleep problems, on the one hand, and anxiety and mood problems, on the other (Koob & Colrain, 2020; Miller et al, 2020). The relevance of other sleep problems, such as circadian disorders, to NIDA PhAB and HiTOP is less clear.…”
Section: Dsm-5/icd-11 Substance Use Disordersmentioning
Objective: The causes of substance use disorders (SUDs) are largely unknown and the effectiveness of their treatments is limited. One crucial impediment to research and treatment progress surrounds how SUDs are classified and diagnosed. Given the substantial heterogeneity among individuals diagnosed with a given SUD (e.g., alcohol use disorder [AUD]), identifying novel research and treatment targets and developing new study designs is daunting. Method: In this article, we review and integrate two recently developed frameworks, the National Institute on Drug Abuse's Phenotyping Assessment Battery (NIDA PhAB) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), that hope to accelerate progress in understanding the causes and consequences of psychopathology by means of deep phenotyping, or finer-grained analysis of phenotypes.Results and Conclusions: NIDA PhAB focuses on addiction-related processes across multiple units of analysis, whereas HiTOP focuses on clinical phenotypes and covers a broader range of psychopathology. We highlight that NIDA PhAB and HiTOP together provide deep and broad characterizations of people diagnosed with SUDs and complement each other in their efforts to address widely known limitations of traditional classification systems and their diagnostic categories. Next, we show how NIDA PhAB and HiTOP can be integrated to facilitate optimal rich phenotyping of addiction-related phenomena. Finally, we argue that such deep phenotyping promises to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of SUD and addiction, which will guide the development of personalized medicine and interventions.
Public Health Significance StatementTwo recently developed frameworks, National Institute on Drug Abuse's Phenotyping Assessment Battery (NIDA PhAB) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), provide unique opportunities for deep phenotyping in addictions. NIDA PhAB focuses on addiction-related processes, whereas HiTOP focuses on clinical phenotypes relevant to a broad array of psychopathology. Together, they provide broad and deep characterization of people diagnosed with substance use disorders.
“…Instead, both systems focus on the potential bidirectional associations between internalizing and sleep problems, such that stress, anxiety, and depression are thought to cause disruptions in sleep and poor sleep quality, which exacerbates anxiety and mood problems (Cox & Olatunji, 2020). Within the context of SUDs, specifically, alcohol and other substances disrupt sleep, which may elicit the causal association between sleep problems, on the one hand, and anxiety and mood problems, on the other (Koob & Colrain, 2020; Miller et al, 2020). The relevance of other sleep problems, such as circadian disorders, to NIDA PhAB and HiTOP is less clear.…”
Section: Dsm-5/icd-11 Substance Use Disordersmentioning
Objective: The causes of substance use disorders (SUDs) are largely unknown and the effectiveness of their treatments is limited. One crucial impediment to research and treatment progress surrounds how SUDs are classified and diagnosed. Given the substantial heterogeneity among individuals diagnosed with a given SUD (e.g., alcohol use disorder [AUD]), identifying novel research and treatment targets and developing new study designs is daunting. Method: In this article, we review and integrate two recently developed frameworks, the National Institute on Drug Abuse's Phenotyping Assessment Battery (NIDA PhAB) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), that hope to accelerate progress in understanding the causes and consequences of psychopathology by means of deep phenotyping, or finer-grained analysis of phenotypes.Results and Conclusions: NIDA PhAB focuses on addiction-related processes across multiple units of analysis, whereas HiTOP focuses on clinical phenotypes and covers a broader range of psychopathology. We highlight that NIDA PhAB and HiTOP together provide deep and broad characterizations of people diagnosed with SUDs and complement each other in their efforts to address widely known limitations of traditional classification systems and their diagnostic categories. Next, we show how NIDA PhAB and HiTOP can be integrated to facilitate optimal rich phenotyping of addiction-related phenomena. Finally, we argue that such deep phenotyping promises to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of SUD and addiction, which will guide the development of personalized medicine and interventions.
Public Health Significance StatementTwo recently developed frameworks, National Institute on Drug Abuse's Phenotyping Assessment Battery (NIDA PhAB) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), provide unique opportunities for deep phenotyping in addictions. NIDA PhAB focuses on addiction-related processes, whereas HiTOP focuses on clinical phenotypes relevant to a broad array of psychopathology. Together, they provide broad and deep characterization of people diagnosed with substance use disorders.
“…Within the context of SUDs, specifically, alcohol and other substances disrupt sleep, which may elicit the causal association between sleep problems, on the one hand, and anxiety and mood problems, on the other (Koob & Colrain, 2020;Miller et al, 2020). The relevance of other sleep problems, such as circadian disorders, to NIDA PhAB and HiTOP is less clear.…”
Section: Executive Function Most Directly We Propose a Link Between N...mentioning
Objective: The causes of substance use disorders (SUDs) are largely unknown and the effectiveness of their treatments is limited. One crucial impediment to research and treatment progress surrounds how SUDs are classified and diagnosed. Given the substantial heterogeneity among individuals diagnosed with a given SUD (e.g., alcohol use disorder), identifying novel research and treatment targets and developing new study designs is daunting. Method: In this paper, we review and integrate two recently developed frameworks, the NIDA Phenotyping Assessment Battery (NIDA PhAB) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), that hope to accelerate progress in understanding the causes and consequences of psychopathology by means of deep phenotyping, or finer-grained analysis of phenotypes. Results and Conclusions: NIDA PhAB focuses on addiction-related processes across multiple units of analysis, whereas HiTOP focuses on clinical phenotypes and covers a broader range of psychopathology. We highlight that NIDA PhAB and HiTOP together provide deep and broad characterizations of people diagnosed with SUDs and complement each other in their efforts to address widely known limitations of traditional classification systems and their diagnostic categories. Next, we show how NIDA PhAB and HiTOP can be integrated to facilitate optimal rich phenotyping of addiction-related phenomena. Finally, we argue that such deep phenotyping promises to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of SUD and addiction, which will guide the development of personalized medicine and interventions.
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