Sleep Duration and Reported Functional Capacity among Black and White US Adults

Brimah, Perry; Oulds, Franscene; Olafiranye, Oladipupo; Ceïde, Mirnova E.; Dillon, Shavon; Awoniyi, Olasumbo; Nunes, João; Jean-Louis, Girardin

doi:10.5664/jcsm.2762

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Another finding in our study was that African‐Americans with schizophrenia and SADD were at much higher risk of experiencing short sleep duration if they used substances. This result was consistent with several recent studies that looked at racial differences in short sleep duration in the general population [Brimah et al, ; Jackson et al, ]. A 2013 Harvard study found that short sleep generally increased with increasing professional responsibility within a given industry among blacks but decreased with increasing professional roles among whites [Jackson et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A 2013 Harvard study found that short sleep generally increased with increasing professional responsibility within a given industry among blacks but decreased with increasing professional roles among whites [Jackson et al, ]. Another study published the same year found that African‐Americans who reported short sleep had greater odds of being functionally impaired than their white counterparts [Brimah et al, ]. The latter finding is relevant to our study in that mental illness may already have a significant impact on functionality without the additional burden of short sleep duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

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Substance use associated with short sleep duration in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Tang

Pato

Sobell

et al. 2015

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Study Objectives To examine the association between substance use and short sleep duration in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, depressive type (SADD). Design Cross‐sectional, retrospective study. Setting Urban, suburban, and rural centers across the United States. Participants 2,462 consented, adult individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, depressive type (SADD). Participants included inpatients in acute or chronic care settings as well as outpatients and residents in community dwellings. Measurements Substance use was assessed with 10 questions adopted from well‐validated measures (e.g., CAGE questionnaire) for alcohol, marijuana, and illicit drugs. Short sleep duration was defined as <6 hr of self‐reported sleep per night. Results Close to 100% of our sample used nicotine while 83% used substances other than nicotine. More importantly, there was a significant association between substance use and short sleep duration. Interestingly, this association was strongest among African–Americans with schizophrenia or SADD. Conclusions Because psychiatric medications often target chemical receptors involved with both sleep and substance use, understanding the association between short sleep duration and substance use in individuals with schizophrenia and SADD is important. Given that the majority of premature deaths in individuals with psychotic illness are due to medical conditions associated with modifiable risk factors, prospective studies designed to examine the effect of short sleep duration on behaviors like substance use should be undertaken. Finally, analyzing genetic and environmental data in a future study might help illuminate the strong association found between short sleep duration and substance use in African–Americans with schizophrenia and SADD. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Substance use associated with short sleep duration in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

Tang

Pato

Sobell

et al. 2015

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Our findings are in line with large epidemiologic studies (Lallukka et al., ; Li, Sundquist, & Sundquist, ; Patel et al., ) that show that the effect of low SES on objective measures of sleep may be modified by other sociodemographic variables, particularly race, perceived stress, and financial strain. Consistent findings indicate that Blacks are more likely to report short sleep duration (Jackson, Redline, Kawachi, Williams, & Hu, ), have disparate beliefs about sleep behaviors (Grandner et al., ), and are functionally more impaired as a result of their disrupted sleep than whites (Brimah et al., ). Our findings also corroborate the findings by Hall et al () that financial strain is a significant correlate of sleep quality and continuity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Low Socioeconomic Status Negatively Affects Sleep in Pregnant Women

Okun¹,

Tolge²,

Hall³

2014

Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing

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Objective To evaluate the effect of socioeconomic status on measures of sleep quality, continuity, and quantity in a large cohort of pregnant women. Design Prospective, longitudinal study. Participants One hundred seventy (170) pregnant women at 10-20 weeks gestation. Methods Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep duration and continuity (sleep fragmentation index [SFI]) were assessed with actigraphy at 10-12, 14-16, and 18-20 weeks gestation. Since sleep did not significantly differ across time, averages across all three time points were used in analyses. Socioeconomic status (SES) was defined by self-reported annual household income. Linear regression analyses were used to model the independent associations of SES on sleep after adjusting for age, race, parity, marital status, body mass index (BMI), perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and financial strain. Results On average, women reported modestly poor sleep quality (M = 5.4, SD= 2.7), short sleep duration (391 (55.6) min) and fragmented sleep (SFI M = 33.9, SD= 10.4. A household income < $50,000/year was associated with poorer sleep quality (β = -.18, p < .05) and greater sleep fragmentation (β= -.18, p < .05) following covariate adjustment. Conclusions Low SES was associated with poorer sleep quality and fragmented sleep, even after statistical adjustments. Perceived stress and financial strain attenuated SES-sleep associations indicating that psychosocial situations preceding pregnancy are also important to consider.

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“…One question that remains to be elucidated is whether a mediated effect or indirect effect of sleep would be the same across racial/ethnic groups. Because racial/ethnic disparities have been found in sleep (), we posited that race/ethnicity will have a moderation effect not only on the direct association between food insecurity and obesity but also on the indirect effect of sleep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%