Sleep disturbance, neuro-immune markers, and depressive symptoms in older age: Conditional process analysis from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA)

Ballesio, Andrea; Zagaria, Andrea; Ottaviani, Cristina; Steptoe, Andrew; Lombardo, Caterina

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105770

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Our results suggest that cardiometabolic traits such as increased BMI or inflammation might mediate the association between MDD and insomnia at some but not all loci associated with increased predisposition to both traits. Interestingly, a recent study including 1894 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing showed that sleep disturbances at baseline predicted depressive symptoms at eight-year follow-up [56], even when baseline depression was considered, in accordance with previous studies. In addition, high levels of the CRP inflammatory marker mediated the association between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms in women [56], supporting the existence of a relationship between depression, cardiometabolic and sleep-related traits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Investigating Shared Genetic Bases between Psychiatric Disorders, Cardiometabolic and Sleep Traits Using K-Means Clustering and Local Genetic Correlation Analysis

2022

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Psychiatric disorders are among the top leading causes of the global health-related burden. Comorbidity with cardiometabolic and sleep disorders contribute substantially to this burden. While both genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to underlie these comorbidities, the specific molecular underpinnings are not well understood. In this study, we leveraged large datasets from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on psychiatric disorders, cardiometabolic and sleep-related traits. We computed genetic correlations between pairs of traits using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression and identified clusters of genetically correlated traits using k-means clustering. We further investigated the identified associations using two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) and tested the local genetic correlation at the identified loci. In the 7-cluster optimal solution, we identified a cluster including insomnia and the psychiatric disorders major depressive disorder (MDD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MR analysis supported the existence of a bidirectional association between MDD and insomnia and the genetic variants driving this association were found to affect gene expression in different brain regions. Some of the identified loci were further supported by results of local genetic correlation analysis, with body mass index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels suggested to explain part of the observed effects. We discuss how the investigation of the genetic relationships between psychiatric disorders and comorbid conditions might help us to improve our understanding of their pathogenesis and develop improved treatment strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Investigating Shared Genetic Bases between Psychiatric Disorders, Cardiometabolic and Sleep Traits Using K-Means Clustering and Local Genetic Correlation Analysis

2022

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“…Several existing studies discuss the effects of social isolation (Golden et al , 2008) in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies have examined parental burnout (Kerr et al , 2021), mental health effects (Adams-Prassl et al , 2020) and sleep disturbances (Ballesio et al , 2022) directly related to work (Rouleau and Gosselin, 2021), and the interrelationship between women in leadership positions and gender in relation to the COVID-19 crisis (Eichenauer et al , 2022). However, before the COVID-19 pandemic, research on the consequences of the lockdown were practically non-existent in management studies, and those on MILPs under these circumstances was not found.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burnout effect on working mothers in leadership positions during the COVID-19 lockdown

Mucharraz y Cano,

Davila Ruiz,

Cuilty Esquivel

2023

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Purpose This study aims to understand how the recent COVID-19 pandemic impacted burnout levels among working mothers in leadership positions and how income and work schemes play an important role in their burnout. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 961 working mothers and fathers in leadership positions in Mexico under different work schemes during the COVID-19 lockdown. Snowball sampling was used in this study. The Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey was distributed online, using the burnout scale, with income and work schemes as categorical variables. Findings Burnout levels among working mothers in leadership positions were higher than those among working fathers. The hybrid work scheme (i.e. working from home combined with working from office) lessens burnout in working mothers, contributing both theoretically and empirically to better understanding burnout levels of mothers in leadership positions. Practical implications The findings can encourage human resource areas to reflect on the overexertion and work stress of mothers in leadership positions, and potential support resources can be provided to motivate them and retain their talent. Originality/value The introduction of the notion of lockdown in a conceptual model to observe its interaction with burnout and hybrid work schemes (i.e. working from the office and home) has rarely been discussed in existing literature. The impact, especially for working mothers in leadership positions, must be thus carefully considered while dealing with future crises, thereby helping to develop policies and processes accordingly.

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“…In still another sample experiencing depressive symptoms related to sleep disturbances, C-reactive protein (a marker of inflammation) that was assayed in 2012 mediated the effects of sleep disturbances on depressive symptoms that were assessed in 2017 [16]. However, these effects were only noted in women.…”

Section: Psychological Effects Of Sleep Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Problems in Aging (Ageing) Adults: A Narrative Review

2023

Int J Geriatr Gerontol

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The recent literature on sleep problems in aging (ageing) adults has primarily focused on negative effects as well as risk factors, buffers, and interventions. The sleep problems have typically been self-reported or measured by actigraphy. The prevalence rates for sleep problems starting at age 60 have been variable, ranging from a low of 18% in the UK to a high of 50% in China, a variability that may relate to the type of sleep data and/or cross-cultural variation. Psychological effects have included dissatisfaction with life, unhealthy aging and affective/depressive mood states. Physical effects have included elevated blood pressure, impaired functionality, frailty, comorbidity and immune dysfunction. Cognitive impairment has also resulted from sleep problems, and aging brain biomarkers have included shorter telomere length, reduced gray matter volume and earlier mortality. Psychological risk factors have included meta-cognitive beliefs, worrying, loneliness, poor relationships and depression. Physical risk factors have included inactivity, napping and comorbidity. Buffers/protective factors have included retirement, light exercise, consumption of vegetables and melatonin as a sleep medication. Only a couple interventions could be found in this recent literature on sleep in aging adults including Cognitive Behavior Therapy and exercise. A few potential underlying mechanisms for disturbed sleep in aging adults include decreased vagal activity, increased connectivity in the brain making disconnecting for sleep difficult, inflammation and orexins. Although the data highlight the severity of sleep problems in the aging, they have been primarily based on self-report surveys that have yielded mixed results across samples. Sleep Problems in Aging (Ageing) Adults: A Narrative ReviewThis narrative review involved entering the terms sleep and aging (ageing) into PubMed and PsycINFO. The search yielded 735 papers for the last five years. However, following exclusion criteria including case studies and non-English language papers, this review is a summary of the research reported in 67 papers. The recent literature is predominantly focused on negative effects of sleep problems along with studies on risk factors, buffers and interventions. This narrative review is accordingly divided into sections on prevalence of sleep problems in the aging, negative effects, risk factors, buffers and interventions. These are followed by sections on potential underlying mechanisms for sleep problems in the aging and methodological limitations of the research.

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Sleep disturbance, neuro-immune markers, and depressive symptoms in older age: Conditional process analysis from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA)

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Investigating Shared Genetic Bases between Psychiatric Disorders, Cardiometabolic and Sleep Traits Using K-Means Clustering and Local Genetic Correlation Analysis

Investigating Shared Genetic Bases between Psychiatric Disorders, Cardiometabolic and Sleep Traits Using K-Means Clustering and Local Genetic Correlation Analysis

Burnout effect on working mothers in leadership positions during the COVID-19 lockdown

Sleep Problems in Aging (Ageing) Adults: A Narrative Review

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