Sleep Disorders and Sleep Quality in Moroccan Adult Patients with Cancer during Treatment

Prevalence of sleep disturbances among head and neck cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Twenty-one studies focused specifically on HNC patients [32,34e36, [32,40], larynx [42,51], nasopharynx [53,55,56], and oropharynx [45]. About 33% [36] up to 93% [51] of the study population consists of male HNC patients, while the gender proportion was unknown among eight studies [33,37,38,43,47,49,52,57]. Among the 29 included studies, 10 studies (34%) measured more than one types of sleep disturbances [33,34,36,39,40,44,45,50,51,59].…”

“…About 33% [36] up to 93% [51] of the study population consists of male HNC patients, while the gender proportion was unknown among eight studies [33,37,38,43,47,49,52,57]. Among the 29 included studies, 10 studies (34%) measured more than one types of sleep disturbances [33,34,36,39,40,44,45,50,51,59]. The included studies used a variety of definitions and instruments to report on sleep disturbances.…”

“…Self-reported insomnia symptoms were measured by questionnaires in 14 studies, of which four studies used the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) with various cut-off scores [34,44,55,56], two studies used MD Anderson symptom inventory e head and neck module (MDASI-HN) [39,59], two studies used the European organization for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC) questionnaire [43,52], one study used the Hamilton depression inventory [47], and five studies used either a studyspecific questionnaire or used a known questionnaire but did not report the cut-off score [37,40,45,49,54]. One study used multiple definitions of self-reported insomnia symptoms (i.e., insomnia measured by insomnia severity index [ISI] with unknown cut-off and poor sleep quality measured by PSQI with cut-off of 5) [33]. The DSM-based diagnosis of insomnia was measured by structured interview in two studies [57,58].…”

“…Studies on excessive daytime sleepiness and drowsiness were included in this category. A slight majority of the studies (58%) used the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) to measure daytime sleepiness, although with various cut-offs or without pre-defined cut-off scores [33,34,36,44,45,50,51]. The remaining studies used various instruments to measure drowsiness, namely the MDASI-HN [39,59], Edmonton symptom assessment scale [38,49], or Memorial symptom assessment scale [40].…”

“…Three studies did not report details related to treatment phase [37,38,43]. Among the studies that provided details on treatment phase, three studies reported sleep disturbances before the start of treatment [39,56,60], two studies during treatment [33,47], 12 studies after treatment [32,35,36,40e42,44e46,48,50,51], five studies included patients who were either before or after treatment [53,55,57e59], and two studies reported sleep disturbances among patients who are undergoing treatment or who have finished their treatment [34,52]. In general, these studies included patients with curative treatment, although not all studies provided detailed information on treatment intent.…”