Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children

Gipson, Kevin S.; Lu, Michael W.; Kinane, T. Bernard

doi:10.1542/pir.2018-0142

Cited by 73 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(54 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) encompass a spectrum of problems including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea and complex sleep apnea ( Gipson et al, 2019 ; Morgenthaler et al, 2006 ). In children, pediatric OSA is the most common and widely investigated form of apnea, with a prevalence of 1.2-5.7% ( Gipson et al, 2019 ). It is often caused by physical obstruction of either nasal and/or pharyngeal airways, leading to reduced airflow intake and/or intermittent apneas, resulting in difficulty to breathe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural crest-specific loss ofBmp7leads to midfacial hypoplasia, nasal airway obstruction and disordered breathing, modeling obstructive sleep apnea

Baddam

Biancardi

Roth

et al. 2021

Disease Models &Amp; Mechanisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a relatively common sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) affecting approximately 1-5% of children, is often caused by anatomical obstruction and/or collapse of the nasal and/or pharyngeal airways. The resulting sleep disruption and intermittent hypoxia lead to various systemic morbidities. Predicting the development of OSA from craniofacial features alone is currently not possible and a controversy remains if upper airway obstruction facilitates reduced midfacial growth or vice-versa. Currently, there is no rodent model that recapitulates both the development of craniofacial abnormalities and upper airway obstruction to address these questions. Here, we describe that mice with a neural crest-specific deletion of Bmp7 (Bmp7ncko) present with shorter, more acute angled cranial base, midfacial hypoplasia, nasal septum deviation, turbinate swelling and branching defects, and nasal airway obstruction. Interestingly, several of these craniofacial features develop after birth during periods of rapid midfacial growth and precede the development of an upper airway obstruction. We identified that in this rodent model, no single feature appeared to predict upper airway obstruction, but the sum of those features resulted in a reduced breathing frequency, apneas and overall reduced oxygen consumption. Metabolomics analysis of serum from peripheral blood identified increased levels of hydroxyproline, a metabolite upregulated under hypoxic conditions. As this model recapitulates many features observed in OSA, it offers unique opportunities for studying how upper airway obstruction affects breathing physiology and leads to systemic morbidities.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural crest-specific loss ofBmp7leads to midfacial hypoplasia, nasal airway obstruction and disordered breathing, modeling obstructive sleep apnea

Baddam

Biancardi

Roth

et al. 2021

Disease Models &Amp; Mechanisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sleep-disordered breathing describes a continuum of chronic respiratory disturbance or snoring. 2 The continuum includes (from least severe to most severe): 2…”

Section: Answermentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive sleep apnoea in children: A child with noisy breathing and daytime sleepiness

Ali¹,

Bhurawala²

2020

Aust J Gen Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The presence of this anatomical anomaly induces oral dysfunctions that can lead to oro-facial dysmorphism that decreases the size of the upper airway increasing the risk of upper airway collapsibility during sleep [26,27]. The precise role that genetics plays in the pathogenesis of pediatric OSAS is still a matter of debate, but there are some clinical syndromes such as Down syndrome, midface hypoplasia and neuromuscular disorders [5,28] that increase the chances of developing OSAS. This underlines the fact that any acquired or congenital condition involving a respiratory control center may potentially lead to the development of OSAS [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This underlines the fact that any acquired or congenital condition involving a respiratory control center may potentially lead to the development of OSAS [5]. Some inflammatory factors and biomarkers like inflammatory cytokines are related to pediatric OSAS [28,29]. Furthermore, it has been shown that allergic rhinitis can affect sleep because nasal congestion secondary to a nasal mucosa inflammatory process induces an increase in the airway resistance that could result in oral breathing and sleep disruption [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Rapid Maxillary Expansion with or without Previous Adenotonsillectomy for Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Based on Polysomnographic Data: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: To systematically review international literature related to rapid maxillary expansion (RME) as the treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children less than 18 years-old, followed by a meta-analysis of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) before and after RME, with or without a previous adenotonsillectomy (AT). Methods: Literature on databases from PubMed, Wiley online library, Cochrane Clinical Trials Register, Springer link, and Science Direct were analyzed up to March 2020. Two independent reviewers (S.G. and R.J.M.) screened, assessed, and extracted the quality of the publications. A meta-analysis was performed to compare AHI values before and after the treatment with RME. Results: Six studies reported outcomes for 102 children with a narrow maxillary arch suffering from OSAS with a mean age of 6.7 ± 1.3. AHI improved from a M ± SD of 7.5 ± 3.2/h to 2.5 ± 2.6/h. A higher AHI change in patients with no tonsils (83.4%) and small tonsils (97.7%) was detected when compared to children with large tonsils (56.4%). Data was analyzed based on a follow-up duration of ≤3 year in 79 children and >3 years in 23 children. Conclusion: Reduction in the AHI was detected in all 102 children with OSAS that underwent RME treatment, with or without an adenotonsillectomy. Additionally, a larger reduction in the AHI was observed in children with small tonsils or no tonsils. A general improvement on the daytime and nighttime symptoms of OSAS after RME therapy was noted in all the studies, demonstrating the efficacy of this therapy.

show abstract

Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children

Cited by 73 publications

References 48 publications

Neural crest-specific loss ofBmp7leads to midfacial hypoplasia, nasal airway obstruction and disordered breathing, modeling obstructive sleep apnea

Neural crest-specific loss ofBmp7leads to midfacial hypoplasia, nasal airway obstruction and disordered breathing, modeling obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnoea in children: A child with noisy breathing and daytime sleepiness

Efficacy of Rapid Maxillary Expansion with or without Previous Adenotonsillectomy for Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Based on Polysomnographic Data: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About