Sleep deprivation: prevalence and associated factors among adolescents in Saudi Arabia

<p>Insufficient Sleep Duration And Its Association With Breakfast Intake, Overweight/Obesity, Socio-Demographics And Selected Lifestyle Behaviors Among Saudi School Children</p>

“…Also, consistent with the previous local study,27 sleep duration in the current research decreased with advancing age of the child, increased among girls compared with boys and that longer sleep duration associated with higher educational levels of the father. A recent national study conducted on a large group of Saudi adolescents indicated that factors associated with sleep deprivation included older age, female gender, lower perceived socioeconomic status and those reporting eating less than three main meals per day 29. Also, another published local study found older age and being a male were risk factors for reduced sleep duration among Saudi adolescents 15.…”

“…Indeed, it is quite common now than ever before to have Saudi people frequently eating meals outside the home or family setting and having irregular eating patterns, including breakfast skipping and late-night snacking 25,26. Such changes in urban environment and lifestyle behaviors over the past decades have vastly impacted sleep duration and quality, especially among children and adolescents 11,15,27–29. In a recent research involving Saudi adolescents from three major cities in the country, it was demonstrated that short sleep duration was significantly associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity,11 and that several lifestyle factors appeared to influence sleep duration 15.…”

“…Also, a cross-sectional survey conducted on a sample of Saudi adolescents attending high schools from Jeddah showed a high percentage of poor sleep quality 28. In addition, among Saudi adolescents aged 10–19 years who were attending schools across the country, insufficient sleep (<7 hr/day) was reported by 46% on weekdays and 33% on weekends 29…”

<p>Poor sleep and adolescent obesity risk: a narrative review of potential mechanisms</p>

“…Only one study found no association between breakfast skipping and sleep outcomes 73. Further, preliminary evidence suggests that shorter sleep duration may also be related to more irregular consumption of lunch and dinner75 and higher odds of eating less than three meals each day 84…”

“…Nearly all cross-sectional adolescent studies found that various self-reported indicators of poor sleep were predictive of more screen time. Higher levels of daytime sleepiness,89,95 later bedtime,74,87 shorter sleep duration,75,79,84,87,96 – 98 and greater variability in sleep99,100 have all been associated with greater self-reported total time spent watching television or playing computer or video games. Although many studies investigate the role that mobile phone usage plays on later sleep timing or problems, there is a notable dearth of research on the reverse sequence: how poor sleep might predict subsequent mobile phone use 101.…”