Sleep Buffers the Effect of Discrimination on Cardiometabolic Allostatic Load in Native Americans: Results from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk

Psychosocial and cardiometabolic predictors of chronic pain onset in Native Americans: serial mediation analyses of 2-year prospective data from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk

“…Although we have previously found that measures of adversity were generally unrelated to cardiometabolic factors, 92 we also tested exploratory mediation models that combined the psychosocial and cardiometabolic variables into a single model; however, none of these attempts generated new significant indirect effects that were not captured by the separate Psychosocial and Cardiometabolic Risk Models. Thus, these exploratory models are not reported.…”

“…The second analysis examined the Cardiometabolic Risk Model illustrated in Figure 3B in which a composite variable made of BMI, BP, and HRV was constructed (similar to how we have done previously 83,92 ) using PCA. Then, component scores were generated using the regression method and used to test whether cardiometabolic factors increase pronociceptive processes to increase chronic pain risk in NAs (higher scores represent higher cardiometabolic allostatic load: higher BP, higher BMI, and lower HRV).…”

“…82,83,107 Furthermore, trauma exposure and psychological stress form an indirect path between NAs and increased pain-related anxiety and catastrophizing. 48 Interestingly, cardiometabolic factors seem mostly unrelated to psychosocial processes measured in OK-SNAP 92 and thus may serve as a separate risk pathway.…”