Sleep functioning is concurrently and longitudinally associated with norm-violating behaviors; however, the specific correlates contributing to these links remain unknown. Moreover, despite known mean-level differences in sleep functioning across immigrant and non-immigrant youth as well as socioeconomic strata, it is largely unknown whether links between sleep and norm-violating behaviors vary across groups. The current study tested the direct effects of sleep problems and sleep quantity on measures of deviance, as well as the indirect links via low self-control. It also tested moderating effects by immigrant and SES groups, indicated by parental education, on the associations and mean-level differences in sleep functioning. Results from structural equation models based on cross-sectional data from a national probability sample of Swiss adolescents (N = 6,866) provided evidence of both direct as well as indirect links between sleep and deviance, via low self-control. Despite mean-level differences, the tested links were invariant across immigrant and SES groups, with one modest exception in the magnitude of effect.Sleep functioning has been repeatedly found to predict externalizing behaviors in adolescents, both concurrently and longitudinally (Astill, Van der Heijden, Van IJzendoorn, & Van Someren, 2012). Given the robustness of these links, efforts have focused on understanding how lack of sleep or sleep difficulties translate into higher rates of norm-violations and deviance. To date, several candidate pathways explaining this link have been proposed. First, some proportion of the association between sleep patterns and adolescent adjustment is attributable to genetic factors (Barclay, Eley, Maughan, Rowe, & Gregory, 2011); however, this does not fully account for the sleep-adjustment link Matamura et al., 2014), leaving some variance to be explained. Second, Kouros and El-Sheikh (2015) found that unfavorable sleep patterns predicted externalizing behaviors in adolescents via daily mood disruptions. Third, several physiological factors such as vagal tone (El-Sheikh, Erath, & Keller, 2007) and the behavioral activation system (Hasler, Allen, Sbarra, Bootzin, & Bernert, 2010) have been found to mediate the sleep functioning-adjustment link. Lastly, as sleep functioning has been shown to predict executive functioning (Astill et al., 2012), some research has provided evidence that self-control or self-regulation mediates the link between sleep functioning and measures of norm-violating or externalizing behaviors (Meldrum, Barnes, & Hay, 2015;Peach & Gaultney, 2013).The present study tested low self-control as mediator in the link between sleep functioning, operationalized as sleep problems and sleep quantity, and deviance in a large, cross-sectional, national probability sample of Swiss adolescents. Additionally, because sleep functioning has been found to be associated with minority and socioeconomic status (SES; Grandner, Williams, Knutson, Roberts, & Jean-Louis, 2016), the study tested whether these links vari...