Sleep apnea: a review of diagnostic sensors, algorithms, and therapies

Shokoueinejad, Mehdi; Fernandez, Chris; Carroll, Emily; Wang, Fa; Levin, Jake; Rusk, Sam; Glattard, Nick; Mulchrone, Ashley; Zhang, Xuan; Xie, Ailiang; Teodorescu, Mihaela; Dempsey, Jerome A.; Webster, John G.

doi:10.1088/1361-6579/aa6ec6

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 216 publications

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“…Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard treatment for OSA [22,23], which consists of a mechanical device that prevents upper airway collapse during sleep. Numerous studies have shown that CPAP is an effective treatment in improving OSA primary outcomes such as the number of episodes of apnoea and hypopnoea per hour of sleep (i.e., apnoea-hypopnoea index, AHI) and excessive daytime sleepiness, reducing therefore the majority of symptoms and consequences of this condition [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea before and after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: The ADIPOSA Study

Carneiro‐Barrera

Amaro‐Gahete

Sáez-Roca

et al. 2019

JCM

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The prevalence and treatment response of depression and anxiety symptoms in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), although widely addressed in research and clinical settings, still remain unclear due to overlapping symptoms. The ADIPOSA study sought to elucidate the presence of non-overlapping symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with moderate to severe OSA before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Forty-eight adults aged 18-80 (68.75% men) with moderate to severe OSA were enrolled in this twelve-week longitudinal single-arm trial and completed a full-night ambulatory sleep diagnostic test and an assessment of cognitive-affective depression and anxiety symptoms using the Beck-Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS), the State-Trait Depression Inventory (IDER) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). We found no cognitive-affective depression or anxiety symptoms of clinical relevance at baseline. The amelioration of depression and anxiety symptoms after CPAP use was only statistically significant when considering anxiety-trait (p < 0.01; d = 0.296) and euthymia (p < 0.05; d = 0.402), the distinctive component of depression. Although dysthymia or high negative affect remained unchanged, CPAP may be effective at reducing the lack of positive affect, a well-established health-protective factor. However, not until depression and anxiety disorders related to OSA are accurately measured in clinical and research settings will it be possible to obtain robust conclusions on the occurrence and amelioration of these symptoms after treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea before and after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: The ADIPOSA Study

Carneiro‐Barrera

Amaro‐Gahete

Sáez-Roca

et al. 2019

JCM

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“…In the present study, we focus on the usefulness of blood oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) and airflow, which are commonly involved in type IV devices. Individually, both signals have been found to provide relevant information for OSA diagnosis [9][10][11][12] . Notwithstanding, the potential complementarity of the features derived from both signals has been marginally studied 13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

A machine learning-based test for adult sleep apnoea screening at home using oximetry and airflow

Álvarez

Cerezo-Hernández

Crespo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The most appropriate physiological signals to develop simplified as well as accurate screening tests for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) remain unknown. This study aimed at assessing whether joint analysis of at-home oximetry and airflow recordings by means of machine-learning algorithms leads to a significant diagnostic performance increase compared to single-channel approaches. Consecutive patients showing moderate-to-high clinical suspicion of OSA were involved. The apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) from unsupervised polysomnography was the gold standard. Oximetry and airflow from at-home polysomnography were parameterised by means of 38 time, frequency, and non-linear variables. Complementarity between both signals was exhaustively inspected via automated feature selection. Regression support vector machines were used to estimate the AHI from single-channel and dual-channel approaches. A total of 239 patients successfully completed at-home polysomnography. The optimum joint model reached 0.93 (95%CI 0.90-0.95) intra-class correlation coefficient between estimated and actual AHI. Overall performance of the dual-channel approach (kappa: 0.71; 4-class accuracy: 81.3%) significantly outperformed individual oximetry (kappa: 0.61; 4-class accuracy: 75.0%) and airflow (kappa: 0.42; 4-class accuracy: 61.5%). According to our findings, oximetry alone was able to reach notably high accuracy, particularly to confirm severe cases of the disease. Nevertheless, oximetry and airflow showed high complementarity leading to a remarkable performance increase compared to single-channel approaches. Consequently, their joint analysis via machine learning enables accurate abbreviated screening of OSA at home.

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“…For serial transmission baud rate is taken as 9600 bps and sampling rate of 320 samples per second is used. Arduino Uno has a built in USART communication feature which allow USART transmission and reception via digital pins 1 and 0 [15]. For serial communication pin 1 and pin 0 of Arduino UNO needs to connect with Bluetooth modules Rx and Tx.…”

Section: Arduino Unomentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic heartbeat monitoring system

Franchini¹

2019

Arch Case Rep

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Sleep apnea: a review of diagnostic sensors, algorithms, and therapies

Abstract: This review provides a current perspective of the classes of tools at hand, along with a sense of their relative strengths and areas for further improvement.

Cited by 52 publications

References 216 publications

Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea before and after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: The ADIPOSA Study

Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea before and after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: The ADIPOSA Study

A machine learning-based test for adult sleep apnoea screening at home using oximetry and airflow

Automatic heartbeat monitoring system

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