Sleep and other Non-motor Symptoms in Patients with Idiopathic Oromandibular Dystonia and Meige Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: Non-motor symptoms are an essential cause of comorbidity in generalized and focal dystonia. However, there are few studies on dystonia involving the craniofacial regions. Methods: We studied non-motor symptoms in patients with oromandibular dystonia (OMD) and Meige syndrome using a questionnaire, and validated instruments for depression, anxiety, REM behaviour disorder, restless leg syndrome, sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and self-esteem. The severity of dystonia and blepharospasm was also studied. Results: Nineteen patients with OMD were recruited into the study. Among patients with OMD, depression was seen in 63.6% ( n = 7), sleep impairment in 27.3% ( n = 3), excessive daytime sleepiness in 27.3% ( n = 3), and poor self- esteem in 18.2% ( n = 2) of the patients. Among patients with Meige syndrome, depression was seen in 37.5% ( n = 3), sleep impairment in 12.5% ( n = 1), excessive daytime sleepiness in 25% ( n = 2), low self-esteem in 25% ( n = 2) of the patients. Conclusion: This study highlights the significant frequency of depression and sleep disturbances in patients with idiopathic OMD and Meige syndrome.

New developments in diagnostics and treatment of adult-onset focal dystonia

“…The subject of NMS has been extensively studied in cervical dystonia. In a recent study conducting the EQ-5D-5L among patients with cervical dystonia, particularly depression, anxiety, pain, and sleep quality were important factors in healthrelated quality of life [16], supporting previous studies in cervical dystonia, and also in other types of adult-onset focal dystonia [13,17]. Thus far, there has been little consideration of treatment specifically aimed at improving NMS.…”

“…Telemedicine can be a valuable tool in the movement disorders clinic and can help in improving accessibility to experts in the field. the entire spectrum of adult-onset focal dystonia [12][13][14][15]. There is evidence in cervical dystonia and BSP that different subtypes exist with varying degrees of motor severity and presence of NMS [12,15].…”

“…It is hypothesized that these symptoms are a fundamental part of the disease, as they can predate the onset of motor symptoms by several years [11]. The presence of NMS is reported across the entire spectrum of adult-onset focal dystonia [12–15]. There is evidence in cervical dystonia and BSP that different subtypes exist with varying degrees of motor severity and presence of NMS [12,15].…”

Tiger face: characteristic manifestations of Meige syndrome

“…Therefore, people with Meige syndrome often need to pull up their upper eyelids with their hands and are afraid to go out or cross the street alone. Meanwhile sleep and other non-motor symptoms, such as depression, sleep impairment, excessive daytime sleepiness and low self-esteem, were seen in patients [4].…”