Sleep and Mental Health Problems in Children and Adolescents

Morales‐Muñoz, Isabel; Gregory, Alice M.

doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.01.006

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…This study also identified several factors that influenced the prevalence of sleep disorders among preschool children, including difficulty adapting to a new environment, reluctance to show emotion, inconsistent attitudes toward family education, running before bedtime, and strict discipline of family education. There are complex and bidirectional associations between sleep and mental health [ 23 ]. Sleep disorders are also related to neurodevelopmental disorders, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, disruptive, conduct disorders, emotions [ 24 – 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders among preschool children in Urumqi city: a cross-sectional survey

Gao

Aizetiguli

et al. 2023

Ital J Pediatr

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Background Sleep disorders refer to physiological and psychological states that cause adverse consequences due to the inability to fall asleep or poor sleep quality. The prevalence of sleep disorders varies greatly in different countries and regions due to different causes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders among preschool children in Urumqi city, China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with stratified random cluster sampling. Children aged 3–6 years old in one kindergarten randomly selected from each of the 8 districts of Urumqi from March to July 2022, and their parents were surveyed with a sleep quality questionnaire. Results The prevalence of sleep disorders among preschool children in Urumqi was 14.29% (191/1336), and the prevalence of different symptoms was 42.81% for limb movements, 19.61% for snoring, 18.11% for bruxism, 16.39% for sleep talking, 12.57% for sweating, 11.60% for nocturnal awakening, 8.46% for nightmares, 6.89% for bed wetting, 3.74% for apnea, and 3.29% for sleepwalking. The prevalence of body movements, snoring, sweating, night-wake, nightmares, bed-wetting, apnea, and sleepwalking among different ethnicities were significantly different (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the major risk factors of sleep disorders were difficulty adapting to new environments, unwillingness to express emotions, inconsistent attitudes of the family toward children’s education, running before bedtime, strict family education methods, etc. Conclusion The prevalence of sleep disorders in preschool children in Urumqi is lower than the average level reported in other studies. Many factors affect the prevalence of sleep disorders in preschool children, but it is necessary to focus on the ability to adapt to new environments, psychological problems, and the impact of family education on sleep disorders. Further studies on the prevention and treatment of sleep disorders are needed for different ethnicities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders among preschool children in Urumqi city: a cross-sectional survey

Gao

Aizetiguli

et al. 2023

Ital J Pediatr

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“…Short sleep duration can have a detrimental impact on a child’s development in the short, medium, and long term. For instance, children who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk for mental health problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and/or behavioral problems. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…hort sleep duration can have a detrimental impact on a child's development in the short, medium, and long term. For instance, children who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk for mental health problems, 1 attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 2 and/or behavioral problems. 3 When considering the impact of short sleep duration in childhood, most studies have considered specific and isolated time points.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of Inflammation in Short Sleep Duration Across Childhood and Psychosis in Young Adulthood

Morales-Muñoz,

Marwaha,

Upthegrove

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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ImportanceShort sleep duration over a prolonged period in childhood could have a detrimental impact on long-term mental health, including the development of psychosis. Further, potential underlying mechanisms of these associations remain unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the association between persistent shorter nighttime sleep duration throughout childhood with psychotic experiences (PEs) and/or psychotic disorder (PD) at age 24 years and whether inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP] and interleukin 6 [IL-6]) potentially mediate any association.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Data analysis was conducted from January 30 to August 1, 2023.ExposuresNighttime sleep duration was collected at 6, 18, and 30 months and at 3.5, 4 to 5, 5 to 6, and 6 to 7 years.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPEs and PD were assessed at age 24 years from the Psychosislike Symptoms Interview. CRP level at ages 9 and 15 years and IL-6 level at 9 years were used as mediators. Latent class growth analyses (LCGAs) were applied to detect trajectories of nighttime sleep duration, and logistic regressions were applied for the longitudinal associations between trajectories of nighttime sleep duration and psychotic outcomes at 24 years. Path analyses were applied to test CRP and IL-6 as potential mediators.ResultsData were available on 12 394 children (6254 female [50.5%]) for the LCGA and on 3962 young adults (2429 female [61.3%]) for the logistic regression and path analyses. The LCGA identified a group of individuals with persistent shorter nighttime sleep duration across childhood. These individuals were more likely to develop PD (odds ratio [OR], 2.50; 95% CI, 1.51-4.15; P &lt; .001) and PEs (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.23-5.95; P &lt; .001) at age 24 years. Increased levels of IL-6 at 9 years, but not CRP at 9 or 15 years, partially mediated the associations between persistent shorter sleep duration and PD (bias-corrected estimate = 0.003; 95% CI, 0.002-0.005; P = .007) and PEs (bias-corrected estimate = 0.002; 95% CI, 0-0.003; P = .03) in young adulthood.Conclusions and RelevanceFindings of this cohort study highlight the necessity of addressing short sleep duration in children, as persistence of this sleep problem was associated with subsequent psychosis. This study also provides preliminary evidence for future targeted interventions in children addressing both sleep and inflammatory responses.

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“…Sleep hygiene practices Impact of sleep and mental health in adolescence: an overview Woodfield et al 1040-8703 Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.www.co-pediatrics.com health are multifactorial, including family environment, genetic factors, and variation in brain structures and neurotransmitters[24,32 …”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of sleep and mental health in adolescence: an overview

Woodfield,

Butler,

Tsappis

2024

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review Sleep deprivation is known to affect multiple aspects of mental health, physical health, and daily functioning. With increasing reports of sleep disturbances and increasing mental health needs in adolescents, it is imperative that healthcare providers have a strong understanding of the relationship between sleep and mental health, the impact of poor sleep on the school experience, and an understanding of behavioral interventions targeting sleep practices. Recent findings Recent studies have shown that the relationship between sleep and mental health is complex and multifaceted. While mental health diagnoses and symptoms can negatively influence sleep quality and quantity, so too does poor sleep increase the risk of mental health diagnoses, symptom severity, and suicide risk. Sleep likewise affects the school experience, both positively and negatively. Targeted interventions and prevention programs may be effective in treatment of sleep disturbances for adolescents. Summary Clinicians must be aware of the above associations and their clinical implications. Patients with either mental health or sleep concerns should be screened for potential co-morbid conditions. Improving sleep hygiene practices can improve the sleep experience in adolescents, however, there remains a gap in understanding the best method to improve sleep hygiene practices in this population.

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Sleep and Mental Health Problems in Children and Adolescents

Cited by 12 publications

References 103 publications

Prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders among preschool children in Urumqi city: a cross-sectional survey

Prevalence and influencing factors of sleep disorders among preschool children in Urumqi city: a cross-sectional survey

Role of Inflammation in Short Sleep Duration Across Childhood and Psychosis in Young Adulthood

Impact of sleep and mental health in adolescence: an overview

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