Sleep and lying behavior of milking Holstein cows at commercial tie‐stall dairy farms

Fukasawa, Michiru; Komatsu, Tokushi; Higashiyama, Yumi

doi:10.1111/asj.13265

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This progression may be a result of the reproductive cycles, the milk yield, the pasture management including grazing times and mosquito plagues or temperature and the climate. Cows also lie down less in summer when temperature increases [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lying Behaviour in Dairy Goats: Effects of a New Automated Feeding System Assessed by Accelerometer Technology

Maurmann

Greiner

Korn

et al. 2021

Animals

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The aim of this study was to evaluate lying behaviour in dairy goats before and after installation of an optimized automatic concentrated feeding system (AFS). A mixed-horned herd of Bunte Deutsche Edelziege was used. As many agonistic interactions between goats happen at the feeding place, a new automated feeding system was installed to better fulfil the needs of horned goats. Lying behaviour is an indicator to ascertain animal welfare of ruminants. In order to measure lying behaviour accelerometer technology was used and verified by video analyses. The results show an agreement of 99.62–99.93% per lying time by comparing accelerometers to video data. Over all goats, a mean ± SD lying time (LT) of 11.78 ± 1.47 h/d, a mean ± SD lying bout duration (LBD) of 0.51 ± 0.10 h/bout and a mean ± SD frequency of lying bouts (FLB) of 24.35 ± 5.57 were found. Lying behaviour follows a seasonal progression with significant lowest LBD and highest FLB in summer. With the old AFS significant differences in LBD and FLB were detected between horned and hornless goats, but with the new AFS results were adjusted. Findings suggest that changes in feeding management do not affect the general seasonal progression of lying behaviour but can affect the behavioural differences between horned and hornless dairy goats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lying Behaviour in Dairy Goats: Effects of a New Automated Feeding System Assessed by Accelerometer Technology

Maurmann

Greiner

Korn

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Ninomiya and Sato (2009) suggested that behavioral satisfaction due to environmental enrichment can promote the daily sleep duration of Japanese black steers; however, they could not examine which enrichment treatment significantly influenced sleep. In our previous study (Fukasawa, Komatsu, & Higashiyama, 2019), there were significant differences in sleep posture measurements among commercial dairy farms, which had differences in managements such as diet and ventilation. However, we could not find any significant effects of management on sleep posture measurements because of small number of samples and confounding among management systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The influence of concentrate‐rich diet on daily sleep and lying postures of Japanese black cows

Fukasawa

Komatsu

Higashiyama

2020

Animal Science Journal

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Sleep is one of the essential behaviors in mammalian health and welfare (Schmidt, 2014; Siegel, 2005). Schmidt (2014) theorized that sleep functions in energy conservation, a recovery or recuperative process, neural network reorganization, and an immobilization strategy. Even though each proposed theory of sleep function is paradoxical and has its own shortcomings, all proposed functions can shed light on its importance, not only in adaptation but also in animal production and welfare. Deep sleep occurs only when the animal is well accustomed to its surroundings (Ruckebusch, 1975). Sleep in a relaxing posture is innately dangerous for prey animals such as cattle; therefore, sleep posture as well as lying posture (Norring et al.., 2008) may be used as an indicator of their perceived safety and comfort (Ruckebusch, 1972). Management can influence both sleep and lying posture. For example, Fukasawa, Komatsu, and Higashiyama (2018b) reported that cows that had moved into a new environment had disturbed sleep and lying posture. Ninomiya and Sato (2009) suggested that behavioral satisfaction due to environmental enrichment can promote the daily sleep duration of Japanese black steers; however, they could not examine which enrichment treatment significantly influenced sleep. In our previous study (Fukasawa, Komatsu, & Higashiyama, 2019), there were significant differences in sleep posture measurements among commercial dairy farms, which had differences in managements such as diet and ventilation. However, we could not find any significant effects of management on sleep posture measurements because of small number of samples and confounding among management systems. Therefore, we wanted to examine how each management can influence sleep posture under experimental conditions.

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Relationship between animal welfare score by the assessment system for dairy cattle and behaviour of dairy cattle

YAMANE

Seo

2022

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

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The Japan Farm Animal Welfare Association (JFAWA), established in 2016, developed an animal welfare assessment system for dairy cattle. Based on it, the association initiated a certification system.This study assessed correlation between the JFAWA assessment system animal welfare score and dairy cattle behaviour to validate the assessment system. On 10 dairy farms, animal welfare assessments were performed using the JFAWA assessment system. Milking cattle behaviours, postures, and standing up and lying down movements were investigated. Milking cattle at these farms were kept in a free-stall barn (3 farms), tie-stall barn (3 farms), or grazing system (4 farms). The JFAWA assessment system includes 45 standards of three categories: animal, facility and management. The assessment produces a score for each category and a total score. Higher scores indicate better animal welfare. The mean time spent on self-grooming behaviour was significantly correlated negatively with the total score. The prevalence of bovine chorioptic mange, which increases self-grooming behaviour motivation, was found to have significant strong positive correlation with the mean time spent on self-grooming behaviour of rubbing against objects. A lying posture with the neck relaxed and the head against the flank in a lying position is meant to be a sleeping posture. The mean time spent in this posture was significantly correlated positively with the management score. The mean time spent lying flat on the side showed a positive trend with the animal, facility, and total scores. Significant strong negative correlation was found between the mean time spent in standing while ruminating and the management score and between the mean time used for standing up and the management score. The incidence of contact with the environment during standing up and lying down movements was significantly correlated negatively with the animal score and total score. This study revealed a clear relation between the JFAWA animal welfare score and the behaviour, posture, and standing up and lying down movements of dairy cattle, indicating good validity of the JFAWA animal welfare assessment system.

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Sleep and lying behavior of milking Holstein cows at commercial tie‐stall dairy farms

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Lying Behaviour in Dairy Goats: Effects of a New Automated Feeding System Assessed by Accelerometer Technology

Lying Behaviour in Dairy Goats: Effects of a New Automated Feeding System Assessed by Accelerometer Technology

The influence of concentrate‐rich diet on daily sleep and lying postures of Japanese black cows

Relationship between animal welfare score by the assessment system for dairy cattle and behaviour of dairy cattle

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