“…Many studies on the effects of vegetation restoration on soil properties in the KRD region have received significant attention. However, most of them have focused primarily on the influence of vegetation type on the soil nitrogen cycle (Tang et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022a), organic carbon (Hu et al, 2022), aggregate stability, and quality (Zhang et al, 2021a(Zhang et al, , 2021b. Soil erosion reduction can be characterized by shear resistance (Sun et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2020), organic carbon (Walia & Dick, 2018), aggregate stability (Li et al, 2022), saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (Guo et al, 2021;Parsakhoo et al, 2014), clay ratio (Kusre et al, 2018), mean weight diameter (MWD) of water-stable aggregate, and soil disintegration rate (Guo et al, 2020).…”