Skull Ontogeny of the Hyraxes Procavia capensis and Dendrohyrax arboreus (Procaviidae: Hyracoidea)

Moyano, S. Rocío; Cassini, Guillermo Hernán; Giannini, Norberto P.

doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9424-7

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Nine-banded armadillos are no exception with nearly 28% of the total cranial shape variation explained by size at the ontogenetic level. The two major ontogenetic allometric trends detected here were the relative snout elongation and the reduction of braincase proportions, which is reminiscent of previous results dealing with mammalian species (Drake & Klingenberg, 2008;Moyano et al, 2018;Heck et al, 2019). This pattern, often designated as craniofacial allometry, was also detected at the evolutionary level in many groups of mammals (Cardini & Polly, 2013;Cardini et al, 2015;Tamagnini et al, 2017).…”

Section: Entire Skull Approachsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…3). The relation with cranial size differs between OBUs, which is in line with bivariate analyses demonstrating that most distances measured on mammalian skulls follow different allometric trends (e.g., Abdala et al, 2001;Marroig & Cheverud, 2004;Goswami & Prochel, 2007;Wilson, 2011;Segura & Prevosti, 2012;Moyano et al, 2018).…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Cranial Allometry In Space and Timesupporting

confidence: 82%

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Ontogenetic and static allometry in the skull and cranial units of nine-banded armadillos (Cingulata: Dasypodidae:Dasypus novemcinctus)

Verger

Hautier

Bardin

et al. 2020

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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A large part of extant and past mammalian morphological diversity is related to variation in size through allometric effects. Previous studies suggested that craniofacial allometry is the dominant pattern underlying mammalian skull shape variation, but cranial allometries were rarely characterized within cranial units such as individual bones. Here, we used 3D geometric morphometric methods to study allometric patterns of the whole skull (global) and of cranial units (local) in a postnatal developmental series of nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus ssp.). Analyses were conducted at the ontogenetic and static levels, and for successive developmental stages. Our results support craniofacial allometry as the global pattern along with more local allometric trends, such as the relative posterior elongation of the infraorbital canal, the tooth row reduction on the maxillary, and the marked development of nuchal crests on the supraoccipital with increasing skull size. Our study also reports allometric proportions of shape variation varying substantially among cranial units and across ontogenetic stages. The multi-scale approach advocated here allowed unveiling previously unnoticed allometric variations, indicating an untapped complexity of cranial allometric patterns to further explain mammalian morphological evolution.

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Section: Entire Skull Approachsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Heterogeneity Of Cranial Allometry In Space and Timesupporting

confidence: 82%

Ontogenetic and static allometry in the skull and cranial units of nine-banded armadillos (Cingulata: Dasypodidae:Dasypus novemcinctus)

Verger

Hautier

Bardin

et al. 2020

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…This missing DX in Procavia can also be explained by a reduction of the diastema, a structure often considered as a toothless gap in mammals (e.g., Peterkova et al, 2006;Prochazka et al, 2009). Moyano et al (2019) reported the negative allometry of the diastema during skull growth in Procavia, contrasting with the positive allometry of their cheek tooth row, conversely to Dendrohyrax. This relative reduction of the diastema in Procavia might thus be tightly associated with developmental mechanisms inhibiting the DX.…”

Section: Canine Complexity In Extinct and Living Hyracoids And The DX Locusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental origins and homologies of the hyracoid dentition

Rodrigues

Tabuce

Asher

et al. 2020

Evolution and Development

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Understanding the origins of morphological specializations in mammals is a key goal in evolutionary biology. It can be accomplished by studying dental homology, which is at the core of most evolutionary and developmental studies. Here, we focused on the evolution and development of the specialized dentition of hyraxes for which dental homologies have long been debated, and could have implications on early placental evolution. Specifically, we analysed dental mineralization sequences of the three living genera of hyraxes and 17 fossil species using X-ray computed microtomography. Our results point out the labile position of vestigial upper teeth on jaw bones in extant species, associated with the frequently unusual premolar shape of deciduous canines over 50 Ma of hyracoid evolution. We proposed two evolutionary and developmental hypotheses to explain these original hyracoid dental characteristics. (1) The presence of a vestigial teeth on the maxilla in front of a complex deciduous canine could be interpreted as extra-teeth reminiscent of early placental evolution or sirenians, an order phylogenetically close to hyracoids and showing five premolars. (2) These vestigial teeth could also correspond to third incisors with a position unusually shifted on the maxilla, which could be explained by the dual developmental origin of these most posterior incisors and their degenerated condition. This integrative study allows discussion on the current evolutionary and developmental paradigms associated with the mammalian dentition. It also highlights the importance of non-model species to understand dental homologies.

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“…The morphology of the orbits and related structures (e.g., postorbital bar, position and shape of zygomatic arch) is very variable among clades and may be related to different masticatory models (e.g., less lateralized orbits when the mm. temporales show large development; see Noble et al 2000;Cox 2008;Hautier et al 2012), the development of other structures (e.g., bullae; Howell 1932), habitats exploited, and different daily activity patterns (e.g., Hautier et al 2012;Moyano et al 2018;Olivares et al 2020). Among the studied pachyrukhines, P. typicum possesses orbits with the more marked lateral orientation, enabling a wider angle of vision (enhanced panoramic visual field; Howell 1932;Heesy 2004).…”

Section: Eyes and Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the Paleobiology of Paedotherium and Tremacyllus (Pachyrukhinae, Notoungulata), the Latest Sciuromorph South American Native Ungulates – Part II: Orbital, Auditory, and Occipito-Cervical Regions

et al. 2020

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The caudal cranium and occipito-cervical region, although usually overlooked, are informative about the paleobiology of fossil mammals, allowing inquiry into vision and hearing abilities, as well as head and neck postures. Particularly for Pachyrukhinae, some related features remain unexplored. In this contribution, 22 specimens of Paedotherium and Tremacyllus were analyzed in a mainly qualitative and comparative framework. Pachyrukhines are characterized by having large orbits and hearing cavities, moderate to short necks with generalized morphologies, and S-shape postures. These features allow rejecting some types of specialized digging habits, and support the preference of open or low-humidity environments. Paedotherium typicum is distinguished by the presence of laterally oriented eyes, marked vaulted cranium and predominant short extensor and stabilizing neck muscles, and cervico-occipitalhyoid configurations suitable for ventro-flexed resting posture. These features indicate accentuated frontation and panoramic-vision, upward head postures enhancing substrate perception, and the resistance of impacts during leaping-cursorial locomotion. Conversely, P. bonaerense, and to lesser degree Tremacyllus spp., show less frontation and probably adopted more horizontal head postures. More particularly, stronger ventral and lateral neck and head flexors and extrinsic arm musculature are reconstructed for P. bonaerense, compatible with generalist or scratch-digging habits. Its smaller auditory cavities and stronger ear musculature, compared to the contemporary P. typicum and especially Tremacyllus spp., would indicate larger ears and microhabitat segregation. The integrative analysis proposed here and in the accompanying contribution aims to shed light on convergences with extant models, paleobiology, niche partitioning, and external appearance of the latest rodent-like ungulates.

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Skull Ontogeny of the Hyraxes Procavia capensis and Dendrohyrax arboreus (Procaviidae: Hyracoidea)

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Ontogenetic and static allometry in the skull and cranial units of nine-banded armadillos (Cingulata: Dasypodidae:Dasypus novemcinctus)

Ontogenetic and static allometry in the skull and cranial units of nine-banded armadillos (Cingulata: Dasypodidae:Dasypus novemcinctus)

Developmental origins and homologies of the hyracoid dentition

Tracing the Paleobiology of Paedotherium and Tremacyllus (Pachyrukhinae, Notoungulata), the Latest Sciuromorph South American Native Ungulates – Part II: Orbital, Auditory, and Occipito-Cervical Regions

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