Skin targeting of resveratrol utilizing solid lipid nanoparticle-engrossed gel for chemically induced irritant contact dermatitis

Abstract

Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a chronic and relapsing skin disease with severe eczematous lesions. Despite its growing prevalence, therapeutic treatments remain limited. Long-term topical corticosteroid treatment can induce skin atrophy, hypopigmentation, and increase in transepidermal water loss. An innovative dermal treatment is essential to reduce the side effects of corticosteroids. Topical resveratrol (RES), although effective for ICD, is a challenging molecule due to low solubility and poor bioavailability. The objective of this work was to build RES-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (RES-SLNs) with skin targeting. For this purpose, RES-SLNs were prepared using the probe ultrasonication method utilizing Precirol ATO 5 and Tween 20. The RES-SLNs were evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency (EE), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. Further, RES-SLNs were incorporated into Carbopol gel and investigated for ex vivo skin permeation, deposition study on human cadaver skin, and finally skin irritation study on New Zealand White rabbits. It was further assessed for possible beneficial effects on ICD using BALB/c mice. RES-SLN showed mean size below 100 nm and 68-89% EE. TEM studies confirmed spherical particles in the nanometer range. An ex vivo study of RES-SLN-loaded gel exhibited controlled drug release up to 24 h; similarly, in vitro drug deposition studies showed potential of skin targeting with no skin irritation. RES-SLN gel confirmed competent suppression of ear swelling and reduction in skin water content in the BALB/c mouse model of ICD when compared to marketed gel. Thus, the formulated RES-SLN gel would be a safe and effective alternative to conventional vehicles for treatment of ICD.

Skin targeting of curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles-engrossed topical gel for the treatment of pigmentation and irritant contact dermatitis

“…Based on the saturation solubility studies, different combinations of lipid and surfactant were used in the preparation of trial batches of SLN. The CUR-SLNs were prepared by preemulsion technique followed by ultrasonic probe sonication method [17]. The resulting emulsion was further sonicated using an ultrasonic probe sonicator (PCI Analytics Pvt.…”

“…A 3 2 full factorial design was used in the development of the SLN where the two factors were evaluated each at three levels and experimental trials were performed using all possible nine combinations [17]. Amount of Precirol ATO5 (X 1 ) and concentration of Tween-80 (X 2 ) were selected as independent variables, whereas particle size (Y 1 ) and entrapment efficiency (EE) (Y 2 ) were selected as dependent variables.…”

Solid lipid nanoparticles optimized by 22 factorial design for skin administration: Cytotoxicity in NIH3T3 fibroblasts

“…Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have been widely used for skin delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) due to their safe interaction with stratum corneum and other skin layers, and improved skin permeation [1,2]. Additional attributes include the possibility of controlled release of the loaded APIs, drug protection, biodegradability and safety profile, and low cost of the production process [3][4][5].…”

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“…Usually, particle aggregation is less likely to occur for charged particles with high zeta potential (>30 mV) due to electric repulsion. [30] The value of the zeta potential of AM-loaded SLN was found to be −41.4 mV which is sufficient to keep the particles stable [ Figure 3]. Entrapment efficiency of optimized batch A 2 was found as 72.4%.…”