Skin sensitization and possible groupings for ‘read across’ for rosin based substances

Illing, Hannah; Malmfors, Törbjorn; Rodenburg, L.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.04.006

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The major component abietic acid, and its isomers are the main targets for the modifications and derivatizations of rosin which are performed to improve its technical properties (Soltes and Zinkel 1989;Illing et al 2009). Abietic acid contains two reactive sites: the carboxylic acid group and the double bonds.…”

Section: Chemical Modifications Of Rosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, more than 200 derivatives of rosin (named modified rosin resins) were reviewed by a task group within the Hydrocarbon Resins, Rosin Resins and Pine Chemicals . Producers Association (HARPA) of which 80 were found to be commercially significant (Illing et al 2009). These 80 derivatives were allocated into different groupings.…”

Section: Chemical Modifications Of Rosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41.3). From a skin sensitizing perspective, this is very important as maleopimaric acid in contrast to fumaropimaric acid is a strong sensitizer not crossreacting with the sensitizers in unmodified rosin (Gafvert 1994;Gafvert et al 1996;Illing et al 2009). Maleopimaric acid is an anhydride and thus very reactive which can explain its sensitizing capacity.…”

Section: Diels-alder Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technical properties are modified using chemical reactions as described above. In many cases, modifications are undertaken on both reactive sites (carboxylic acid and double bonds) in different proportions to get the desired technical properties (Soltes and Zinkel 1989;Illing et al 2009). Different modifications are important in the various industries.…”

Section: Usage and Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Colophony: Rosin in Unmodified and Modified Form

Karlberg

2012

Kanerva's Occupational Dermatology

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Section: Chemical Modifications Of Rosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Modifications Of Rosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diels-alder Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Usage and Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Colophony: Rosin in Unmodified and Modified Form

Karlberg

2012

Kanerva's Occupational Dermatology

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“…Dermal contact sensitisation is seen with different types of rosins and modified rosins and their components as well as with GEGR, GEWR, and GETOR (e.g. Downs and Sansom, 1999, Gaefvert et al, 1994, Hausen and Mohnert, 1989Shao et al, 1993;Geier and Hausen, 2006;Illing et al, 2009). …”

Section: Other Studies/contact Sensitisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the safety of glycerol esters of gum rosin for the proposed uses as a food additive

2010

EFSA Journal

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The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food provides a scientific opinion evaluating the safety of glycerol esters of gum rosin (GEGR) for the proposed use as a stabilising and emulsifying food additive in certain beverages to a maximum level of 100 mg/l. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives established a group ADI of 0-25 mg/kg bw/day for glycerol esters of wood rosin (GEWR) and GEGR and tentative specifications for GEGR pending the submission of additional data. GEGR are obtained by esterification of refined gum rosin and are described as a complex mixture of tri-and diglycerol esters of resin acids and a residual fraction of monoglycerol esters. Besides these esters, up to 4.2% free resin acids and up to 20.1% other non-acidic saponifiable and unsaponifiable substances are present in GEGR. The percentages of resin acids derived from the three fractions upon saponification of GEGR are known. However, data on the identity and quantity of individual components in the three fractions of GEGR are absent and also data on the proportions of glycerol monoesters, (1,2)-glycerol diesters, (1,3)-glycerol diesters and glycerol triesters are not provided. In view of missing toxicity studies for GEGR, analytical data were submitted to demonstrate that GEGR are chemically equivalent to GEWR which have already been authorised as a food additive by Directive 95/2/EC. Overall, the Panel concluded that the chemical and toxicological characterisation of GEGR is not adequate. The Panel also did not have sufficient information to evaluate the chemical equivalence of GEGR and GEWR on the basis of which the toxicological data obtained with GEWR could be used for read across. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the available data are too limited to conclude on the safety of GEGR as a food additive at the proposed uses and use levels. KEY WORDSGlycerol esters of gum rosin, glycerol-modified gum rosin, CAS Registry Number 8050-31-5. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Scientific Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to provide a scientific opinion on the safety of glycerol esters of gum rosin (GEGR) when used as a stabilising and emulsifying food additive in certain non-alcoholic flavoured cloudy drinks and certain cloudy spirit drinks to a maximum level of 100 mg/l. GEGR have been evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 2009. The Committee established a group ADI of 0 -25 mg/kg bw/day for GEWR (glycerol esters of wood rosin) and GEGR. The specifications for GEGR were made tentative, pending the submission of additional data and information by the end of 2010 concerning the identity of GEGR, the resin acid composition and methods to identify the individual glycerol esters of rosins and their differentiation. Furthermore, the Committee requested the full reports of the two 90-day toxicity studies in rats performed using oral administration of GEGR, to ...

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Colophony: Rosin in Unmodified and Modified Form

Karlberg

Hagvall

2018

Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skin sensitization and possible groupings for ‘read across’ for rosin based substances

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Colophony: Rosin in Unmodified and Modified Form

Colophony: Rosin in Unmodified and Modified Form

Scientific Opinion on the safety of glycerol esters of gum rosin for the proposed uses as a food additive

Colophony: Rosin in Unmodified and Modified Form

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