Skin Reactivity and Serological Response to Coccidioidin Skin Tests*

Wallraff, Evelyn B.; Liew, Ruth M. Van; Waite, Susanne L.

doi:10.1038/jid.1967.87

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The question of dialyzable skin-test activity is answered in part from the present work. Pappagianis et al (12) and Wallraff et al (18)(19)(20) reported skin test activity in retained material of dialyzed autolysates, whereas Stewart and Kimura (17) reported a loss of skin-test potency upon dialysis of coccidioidin through cellophane. It should be pointed out that Stewart and Kimura used long-term culture filtrate preparations which had presumably undergone considerable autolysis, whereas Pappagianis et al and Wallraff and Snow were using materials from short-term autolysates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation and Composition Studies of Skin Test-Active Components of Sensitins from Coccidioides immitis

Anderson

Wheat

Conant

1971

Applied Microbiology

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Coccidioidin skin-test activities from mycelial culture filtrates and autolysates were partially purified. Major chemical constituents included 3-O-methylmannose, mannose, and amino acids. Coccidioidin is the filtrate of liquid cultures of Coccidioides immitis which is used as a skin test and serological antigen. Cooke, in 1915 (1), reported equivocal results with several "emulsions" and heat-concentrated glucose broth filtrates. The first successful coccidioidin, prepared by Davis in 1924 (3), was a suspension of the fungus rather than a filtrate. However, Hirsch and D'Andrea, in 1927 (7), reported skin reactions of the tubercuin this study was glucose and yeast extract dialysate (8). After checking for contamination by both culture and microscope examination, mycelia and liquids were separated by filtration (8). The culture filtrate was passed through a Selas Candle, porosity 03 (Selas Corp. of America, Spring House, Pa.), and evaporated under reduced pressure (20 mm or less) and temperature (40 C or less). After concentration, the culture filtrate was dialyzed against deionized water for 24 to 48 hr, lyophilized, weighed, and stored in a desiccator. The mycelium was allowed to autolyze in aqueous 3% toluene for 7 days at 37 C and harvested by Buchner funnel filtration on Whatman no. 1 paper to separate the particulate residue from the toluene-autolyzed soluble materials. The autolysate was then passed through a Selas Candle. The results of the investigation reported in this study are of the two soluble sensitins obtained as the culture filtrate and toluene autolysate. 294

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation and Composition Studies of Skin Test-Active Components of Sensitins from Coccidioides immitis

Anderson

Wheat

Conant

1971

Applied Microbiology

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“…The decision to reuse animals for coccidioidin skin testiAg (at sites different than those first used [39]) in the present work was based on reports which indicated that, in contrast to histoplasmin, antibody was not induced in either humans or guinea pigs by the levels of antigens used in repeated coccidioidin skin testing (27,39,40). Later reports of 24-h responses to repeated coccidioidin skin testing in guinea pigs have also appeared (7,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many questions remain to be answered about the biologically active coccidioidin components prepared from either mycelia or spherules. The bulk of such materials are nondialyzable, although both dialyzable skin test antigens and anergy-producing components have been reported (1,7,18,(38)(39)(40)(41)44). The relationship, if any, between dialyzable antigen and anergin is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of skin test activity from Coccidioides immitis mycelia by water, perchloric acid, and aqueous phenol extraction

Wheat¹,

Chung²,

Ornellas³

et al. 1978

Infect Immun

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Water, perchloric acid extracts, and fractions of partially defatted whole mycelia of Coccidioides immitis contained delayed skin test activity when tested in C. immitis-infected guinea pits. Aqueous phenol extraction of these fractions resulted in partitioning of activity between aqueous-soluble and phenol-soluble fractions; activity was found to be water soluble after removal of phenol by extensive dialysis. Highest specific activity skin test antigen was invariably found in the phenol-soluble phase, water-soluble fraction. Material of equivalent activity could also be extracted directly from the defatted mycelia. Skin test active fractions contained glucose, mannose, 3-O-methylmannose, glucosamine, and amino acids.

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Disorders of Skin Colour

Anstey

Dermatologist²

2010

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

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Skin Reactivity and Serological Response to Coccidioidin Skin Tests*

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Fractionation and Composition Studies of Skin Test-Active Components of Sensitins from Coccidioides immitis

Fractionation and Composition Studies of Skin Test-Active Components of Sensitins from Coccidioides immitis

Extraction of skin test activity from Coccidioides immitis mycelia by water, perchloric acid, and aqueous phenol extraction

Disorders of Skin Colour

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