Skin Mucus of Marine Fish as a Source for the Development of Antimicrobial Agents

Tiralongo, Francesco; Messina, Giuseppina; Lombardo, Bianca Maria; Longhitano, Lucia; Volti, Giovanni Li; Tibullo, Daniele

doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.541853

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Exposed to an aquatic environment full of microbiota, fish usually develop their own immunity to safeguard against pathogens [81][82][83]. As a front-liner and paramount component of the innate immune system, fish mucus possesses a broad array of proteins and enzymes such as lysozyme, immunoglobulin, complement proteins, lectins and proteolytic enzymes that can phagocytose and digest microorganisms [84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. Furthermore, it constantly secretes and sloughs off the skin to avoid adherence and prolonged colonisation by parasites [84][85][86][87][88][89].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a front-liner and paramount component of the innate immune system, fish mucus possesses a broad array of proteins and enzymes such as lysozyme, immunoglobulin, complement proteins, lectins and proteolytic enzymes that can phagocytose and digest microorganisms [84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. Furthermore, it constantly secretes and sloughs off the skin to avoid adherence and prolonged colonisation by parasites [84][85][86][87][88][89]. Hence, fish skin mucus is regarded as a potential antibacterial therapeutic agent [91,92].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HaruanExtract (Channa striatus) as an Effective Mediator in Promoting Wound Healing

Musa¹,

Min²

2022

Skin Grafts for Successful Wound Closure

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Wound healing remains a major issue in surgery. None of the existing treatment modalities in caring for wounds can yet claim to be the holy grail of wound management. Channa striatus, locally known in Malaysia as Haruan, is a freshwater air-breathing carnivorous fish that is proven to influence the different phases of wound healing. As a medicinal fish, not only does Haruan have a high content of amino and fatty acids, which are essential in collagen fibre synthesis during wound recovery, it also abounds in arachidonic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids that promote prostaglandin synthesis, a vital component of the healing process. Moreover, its antinociceptive effects could potentially reduce wound pain, an important factor in wound healing. Proteomic studies show that a quarter of the total protein detected in freeze- and spray-dried C. striatus extract are actin, myosin and tropomyosin – all molecules that play a role in the wound healing process. Proteomic profiling also reveals that Haruan possesses two types of collagen namely collagen type-I and type-II that confer tensile strength during the healing process. It is proven that collagen along with other components of the extracellular matrix form the granulation tissue which, when contracted, closes the wound and concomitantly aligns the collagen fibres in the extracellular matrix. Hence, it is inferred that Haruan promotes the maturation of granulation tissue, thereby expediting the wound healing process itself. Consequently, it could mediate a faster recovery from surgical wound coupled with a lower incidence of wound infection due to an improved and accelerated wound healing process. Additionally, Haruan has demonstrated its ability in promoting angiogenesis and cell proliferation in wound bed preparation for skin grafting. Furthermore, a Haruan aerosol concentrate can act as a wound dressing at the donor site thereby enhancing the healing process while simultaneously exhibiting some antinociceptive properties. Haruan’s exceptional ability in promoting wound healing together with its potential use in skin grafting would be instrumental in the field of surgery. In essence, the cumulated benefits from all the processes involved would translate into a significant reduction of hospitalisation cost; that would immensely benefit not only the patient, but also the government.

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Section: Antimicrobial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antimicrobial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HaruanExtract (Channa striatus) as an Effective Mediator in Promoting Wound Healing

Musa¹,

Min²

2022

Skin Grafts for Successful Wound Closure

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“…While mucus can facilitate microbial adhesion and provide a protective matrix and nutrients for microbial growth [99], it can also be antagonistic to microbes. Fish mucus chemistry, although focused primarily on teleosts, reveal diverse antimicrobial molecules, including lysozyme and proteases [100,101]. While the chemistry of elasmobranch mucus is more sparsely characterized, studies of skin mucus from two species have also identified antimicrobial compounds, including a C-type lectin in mucus of the Japanese bullhead shark (Heterodontus japonicas) and pentraxin, an antimicrobial pectin from mucus of the common skate (Raja kenojei) [102,103].…”

Section: Skin/mucus-associated Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elasmobranch microbiomes: emerging patterns and implications for host health and ecology

et al. 2021

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Elasmobranchs (sharks, skates and rays) are of broad ecological, economic, and societal value. These globally important fishes are experiencing sharp population declines as a result of human activity in the oceans. Research to understand elasmobranch ecology and conservation is critical and has now begun to explore the role of body-associated microbiomes in shaping elasmobranch health. Here, we review the burgeoning efforts to understand elasmobranch microbiomes, highlighting microbiome variation among gastrointestinal, oral, skin, and blood-associated niches. We identify major bacterial lineages in the microbiome, challenges to the field, key unanswered questions, and avenues for future work. We argue for prioritizing research to determine how microbiomes interact mechanistically with the unique physiology of elasmobranchs, potentially identifying roles in host immunity, disease, nutrition, and waste processing. Understanding elasmobranch–microbiome interactions is critical for predicting how sharks and rays respond to a changing ocean and for managing healthy populations in managed care.

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“…Today, because of the outbreak of new infectious diseases and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, it is necessary to use novel antimicrobial compounds with various chemical formations which have new action mechanisms. These reasons have forced researchers to look for new antibiotics from various renewable natural sources such as marine origin materials (4,5), citrus extract (6), natural oils (7), medicinal herbs like ginger (8), garlic (9), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of powdered cuttlebone against Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus flavus

Yazdanpanah

Javid

Honarmandrad

et al. 2021

Environ Health Eng Manag

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Background: The presence of medicines in the environment is considered as a serious threat to the human health. The entrance of these substances into the water sources causes soil pollution, which eventually leads to the environmental pollution and it creates some problems for the public health. Also, increasing antibiotic resistant bacteria has attracted the attention of researchers to the use of natural resources such as marine products, for producing new antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activities of powdered cuttlebone against Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus flavus. Methods: At first, cuttlebones were washed, dried, and powdered. Then, the powdered cuttlebone was characterized. In the next step, its antimicrobial activities were evaluated using agar well diffusion technique, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated. Results: The powdered cuttlebone was found to be effective against K. oxytoca (24 mm, MIC: 10-1 mg/mL), but no antimicrobial response was found against S. aureus. Also, the powdered cuttlebone antifungal activity and MIC against A. flavus were recorded 23 mm and 10-1 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest antimicrobial activities of powdered cuttlebone, which are concentration dependent. Furthermore, cuttlebone can be used as an accessible natural source to provide novel, low cost, and safe antimicrobial agents.

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Skin Mucus of Marine Fish as a Source for the Development of Antimicrobial Agents

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

HaruanExtract (Channa striatus) as an Effective Mediator in Promoting Wound Healing

HaruanExtract (Channa striatus) as an Effective Mediator in Promoting Wound Healing

Elasmobranch microbiomes: emerging patterns and implications for host health and ecology

Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of powdered cuttlebone against Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus flavus

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