Skin Microvascular Reactivity in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Relation to Levels of Physical Activity and Aerobic Fitness

Roche, Denise M.; Edmunds, Sarah; Cable, N. Timothy; Didi, Mo; Stratton, Gareth

doi:10.1123/pes.20.4.426

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The impact of exercise training on endothelial function of the skin microcirculation in children, however, is largely unknown. There is an association between physical fitness and maximum skin blood responses to local heating in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (Roche et al 2008). Atherosclerosis begins in childhood (Stary 1989) and yet it remains to be investigated whether physical training has beneficial effects on endothelial function of the skin microcirculation in healthy children and adolescents with supposed vascular health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin microvascular reactivity in trained adolescents

et al. 2009

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Whilst endothelial dysfunction is associated with a sedentary lifestyle, enhanced endothelial function has been documented in the skin of trained individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether highly trained adolescent males possess enhanced skin microvascular endothelial function compared to their untrained peers. Seventeen highly and predominantly soccer trained boys (V(O)(2)(peak): 55 +/- 6 mL kg(-1) min(-1)) and nine age- and maturation-matched untrained controls (V(O)(2)(peak): 43 +/- 5 mL kg(-1) min(-1)) aged 13-15 years had skin microvascular endothelial function assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry. Baseline and maximal thermally stimulated skin blood flow (SkBF) responses were higher in forearms of trained subjects compared to untrained participants [baseline SkBF: 11 +/- 4 vs. 9 +/- 3 perfusion units (PU), p < 0.05; SkBF(max): 282 +/- 120 vs. 204 +/- 68 PU, p < 0.05]. Similarly, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) during local heating was superior in the forearm skin of trained versus untrained individuals (CVC(max): 3 +/- 1 vs. 2 +/- 1 PU mmHg(-1), p < 0.05). Peak hyperaemia following arterial occlusion and area under the reactive hyperaemia curve were also greater in forearm skin of the trained group (peak hyperaemia: 51 +/- 21 vs. 35 +/- 15 PU, p < 0.05; area under curve: 1596 +/- 739 vs. 962 +/- 796 PUs, p < 0.05). These results suggest that chronic exercise training in adolescents is associated with enhanced microvascular endothelial vasodilation in non-glabrous skin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin microvascular reactivity in trained adolescents

et al. 2009

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“…The benefits of exercise likely extend beyond HbA1c, however, and include weight control, reduced cardiovascular risk, and improved sense of wellbeing . There is growing evidence that the antecedents of cardiovascular risk begin early in diabetes and studies have shown that exercise has a beneficial effect on various markers of vascular health including skin microvascular reactivity and endothelial function . A systematic review of adult studies concluded that physical activity is associated with a marked decrease in cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in both men and women, even after adjusting for other relevant risk factors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Exercise in children and adolescents with diabetes

et al. 2018

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“…The clinical benefits attributed to exercise for individuals with type 2 diabetes have been well documented [3–7]. In T1D, far fewer reports have focused on the role of exercise, and yet there are strong indications for decreased risk of diabetes-associated complications including improved arterial function [8–11], cardiac performance [12–17], and lipid metabolism [18] resulting in lower total cholesterol, LDL-c, and triglycerides [19, 20]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Increases Insulin Content and Basal Secretion in Pancreatic Islets in Type 1 Diabetic Mice

Huang

Farmer²,

Windscheffel³

et al. 2011

Experimental Diabetes Research

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Exercise appears to improve glycemic control for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the mechanism responsible for this improvement is unknown. We hypothesized that exercise has a direct effect on the insulin-producing islets. Eight-week-old mice were divided into four groups: sedentary diabetic, exercised diabetic, sedentary control, and exercised control. The exercised groups participated in voluntary wheel running for 6 weeks. When compared to the control groups, the islet density, islet diameter, and β-cell proportion per islet were significantly lower in both sedentary and exercised diabetic groups and these alterations were not improved with exercise. The total insulin content and insulin secretion were significantly lower in sedentary diabetics compared to controls. Exercise significantly improved insulin content and insulin secretion in islets in basal conditions. Thus, some improvements in exercise-induced glycemic control in T1D mice may be due to enhancement of insulin content and secretion in islets.

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Skin Microvascular Reactivity in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Relation to Levels of Physical Activity and Aerobic Fitness

Cited by 21 publications

References 66 publications

Skin microvascular reactivity in trained adolescents

Skin microvascular reactivity in trained adolescents

ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Exercise in children and adolescents with diabetes

Exercise Increases Insulin Content and Basal Secretion in Pancreatic Islets in Type 1 Diabetic Mice

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