Skin mast cell releasability in dogs with atopic dermtitis

DeMora, F; García, G.; Puigdemont, Anna; Arboix, M.; Ferrer, L.

doi:10.1007/bf02252939

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…MC TC contains both chymase and tryptase, while MC T expresses tryptase but not chymase. Because MC TC predominates in the skin (Irani et al, 1989), chymase has been implicated in the pathogenesis of skin disorders complicated by mast cell accumulation, eg, AD (DeMora et al, 1996;Tanaka et al, 1999) and scleroderma (Irani et al, 1992;Kakizoe et al, 2001).Here, we report that the inhibitor for chymase inhibits the dermatitis induced by repeated challenge with DNFB, judging by the skin thickness and eosinophil infiltration, and that purified chymase elicits skin response similar to that induced by the DNFB painting. These findings suggest that chymase may participate in the pathogenesis of AD by promoting eosinophil infiltration at the inflammation sites.…”

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Chymase Participates in Chronic Dermatitis by Inducing Eosinophil Infiltration

Tomimori

Muto

Fukami

et al. 2002

Laboratory Investigation

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SUMMARY:An epicutaneous application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) to a mouse ear caused a transient skin swelling, and the repetition of the challenge enlarged the contact dermatitis. The repeated challenge with DNFB also induced eosinophil infiltration on the application site. Administration of a chymase inhibitor significantly inhibited the ear swelling as well as eosinophil accumulation. An intradermal injection of human chymase to the mouse ear also elicited transient skin swelling and eosinophil infiltration, both of which were augmented in proportion to the number of injections. Human serum albumin and heat-inactivated chymase failed to induce such skin reactions, suggesting the participation of proteolytic activity of the enzyme. In addition, chymase stimulated eosinophil migration in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these observations suggest that mast cell chymase may contribute to development of the DNFB-induced dermatitis, probably by promoting eosinophil infiltration. It is therefore possible that chymase plays a role in pathogenesis of chronic dermatitis such as atopic dermatitis. (Lab Invest 2002, 82:789 -794).A topic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic eczematous skin disorder characterized by dry and itchy skin. The patients with AD often have a family history of other allergic diseases including asthma and hay fever. Although AD is known to be a manifestation of immediate hypersensitivity mediated by IgE, delayed-type hypersensitivity is also involved in the skin reaction of the patients (Tanaka et al, 1994;Varela et al, 1999). Interestingly, in mice, repeated application of contact sensitizing agents, such as 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and trinitrochlorobenzene, develops an immediate-type reaction, in contrast to a single application that causes a typical delayed-type reaction (Kitagaki et al, 1995(Kitagaki et al, , 1997. Repeated elicitation with such agents not only increases the serum level of IgE but also induces Th2-type cytokine expression (Nagai et al, 1997b). In addition, mast cell accumulation occurs in the dermis because of the repeated challenge (Kitagaki et al, 1995), as is often observed in AD patients. Therefore, this animal model is thought to be valuable for studying human AD.Chymase is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease and is primarily stored in secretory granules of mast cells (Schwartz and Austen, 1980). Chymase cleaves a variety of physiological substances, including metalloproteases (Fang et al, 1997), procollagen (Kofford et al, 1997), precursor of interleukin 1␤ (IL-1␤) (Mizutani et al, 1991b), and membrane-associated stem cell factor (Longley et al, 1997), while its precise role is not clear. Human mast cells are classified into two types, MC TC and MC T , based on their composition of serine protease (Irani et al, 1986). MC TC contains both chymase and tryptase, while MC T expresses tryptase but not chymase. Because MC TC predominates in the skin (Irani et al, 1989), chymase has been implicated in the pathogenesis of skin disorders complic...

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Chymase Participates in Chronic Dermatitis by Inducing Eosinophil Infiltration

Tomimori

Muto

Fukami

et al. 2002

Laboratory Investigation

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“…Along those lines, Welle et al 111 proposed more recently that there is a selective release of mast cell granule contents in lesional canine AD. Secondly, the single most striking and consistent finding is the demonstrated ability of mast cells from the skin of dogs with AD to be significantly more reactive than normal cutaneous mast cells to a range of stimuli, 154,231,243,244 the so-called mast cell hyper-releasability. This was also observed in canine respiratory mast cells.…”

Section: Canine Mast Cells and Atopymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mast cells in atopy: what can we learn from canine models? A thorough review of the biology of mast cells in canine and human systems

Mora

Puigdemont

Torres

2006

British Journal of Dermatology

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Mast cell research has largely focused on the role of these cells in the early phase of allergic reactions. However, their involvement may well extend beyond this stage, and even reach across nonallergic conditions. Mast cells from different sources have helped advance our knowledge of their biology. Although in vitro and in vivo research in this area has mainly focused on humans, such studies are limited by the extent to which cells from certain human tissues and/or human patients can be collected or studied. While rodents also provide valuable models with which to further our understanding of the behaviour of mast cells and their contribution to allergy, reported differences between human and murine mast cells, and, in some instances, the limitations of in vivo rodent models of mast cell-mediated allergic conditions, preclude their use. In this review, we introduce a relatively unknown mast cell population, that of the dog. Canine mast cells display many phenotypic and functional similarities with their human counterparts, and dogs develop spontaneous and induced allergic diseases that share clinical and pathophysiological features with the human condition. Therefore, the use of canine cells can shed light on the general role of mast cells, particularly in relation to allergic diseases given the potential of in vivo dog models within this field. Here we provide a detailed review of the data reported from in vitro and in vivo studies of canine mast cells, and compare them with results obtained in human systems. We also highlight direct evidence of the mast cell contribution to canine atopy. We conclude that the dog offers useful in vitro and in vivo models in which to investigate mast cell behaviour, and that its use should be considered when undertaking studies aimed either at elucidating the role of mast cells in health and disease, or at prescreening novel therapies prior to entry into man.

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“…proteases, chemokines). It seems that mast cells from affected areas of atopic patients have an enhanced releasibility for preformed mediators‐like histamine ( De Mora et al., 1996). Recent studies investigated the connection between the degranulation of mast cells and membrane phospholipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of eicosapentaenoic acid (n‐3) and arachidonic acid (n‐6) supplementation on mast cell mediators

Gueck

Seidel

Fuhrmann

2004

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Mast cells are important players in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases. These cells release immediate-phase and late-phase mediators of inflammation. Fatty acids are incorporated in cellular membranes and therefore seem to influence mediator production and release. A study was conducted to assess the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) on mast cell mediators in a canine mastocytoma cell line (C2). Cells were cultured in a basic medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/HAM's F12 1 : 1, DEH), DEH supplemented with 14.0 microm EPA (DEH-EPA) or 14 microm AA (DEH-AA). The DEH-AA cultured cells had increased spontaneous and mastoparan-stimulated PGE2 production and histamine release. Furthermore, the tryptase activity was increased. The DEH-EPA cultured cells rendered elevated levels of PGE2 and histamine release compared with DEH only after stimulation. These levels were significantly lower in comparison to DEH-AA. The increased PGE2 production of C2 cultured in DEH-AA is the consequence of the AA enrichment, because AA is the precursor of PGE2. However, the different effects by AA and EPA on mast cell mediators possibly reflect the higher susceptibility of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to undergo lipid peroxidation, because it is known that altered cellular redox state influences mediator production and release.

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Skin mast cell releasability in dogs with atopic dermtitis

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Chymase Participates in Chronic Dermatitis by Inducing Eosinophil Infiltration

Chymase Participates in Chronic Dermatitis by Inducing Eosinophil Infiltration

The role of mast cells in atopy: what can we learn from canine models? A thorough review of the biology of mast cells in canine and human systems

Consequences of eicosapentaenoic acid (n‐3) and arachidonic acid (n‐6) supplementation on mast cell mediators

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