“…The obtained metal consists of Co 0 with a cubic structure as revealed by XRD analysis presented in Fig. 5-A Para-aminoaniline is an aromatic diamine used in many application including the synthesis of Kevlar [59] and dyes matrices [60], [61], while aminophenols are biologically active and are used in the pharmaceutical industry [62].…”
“…The obtained metal consists of Co 0 with a cubic structure as revealed by XRD analysis presented in Fig. 5-A Para-aminoaniline is an aromatic diamine used in many application including the synthesis of Kevlar [59] and dyes matrices [60], [61], while aminophenols are biologically active and are used in the pharmaceutical industry [62].…”
“…Skin sensitizers are chemicals capable of inducing skin hypersensitivity [ 1 ], a condition that can progress to allergic contact dermatitis [ 2 ]. Consequently, the identification and regulation of skin sensitizers are imperative in compliance with chemicals and cosmetics regulations [ 3 ].…”
Natural language processing (NLP) technology has recently used to predict substance properties based on their Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System (SMILES). We aimed to develop a model predicting human skin sensitizers by integrating text features derived from SMILES with in vitro test outcomes. The dataset on SMILES, physicochemical properties, in vitro tests (DPRA, KeratinoSensTM, h-CLAT, and SENS-IS assays), and human potency categories for 122 substances sourced from the Cosmetics Europe database. The ChemBERTa model was employed to analyze the SMILES of substances. The last hidden layer embedding of ChemBERTa was tested with other features. Given the modest dataset size, we trained five XGBoost models using subsets of the training data, and subsequently employed bagging to create the final model. Notably, the features computed from SMILES played a pivotal role in the model for distinguishing sensitizers and non-sensitizers. The final model demonstrated a classification accuracy of 80% and an AUC-ROC of 0.82, effectively discriminating sensitizers from non-sensitizers. Furthermore, the model exhibited an accuracy of 82% and an AUC-ROC of 0.82 in classifying strong and weak sensitizers. In summary, we demonstrated that the integration of NLP of SMILES with in vitro test results can enhance the prediction of health hazard associated with chemicals.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.