Skin inflammation associated with arthritis, synovitis and enthesitis. Part 2: rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, Lyme borreliosis, dermatomyositis and lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Summary Syndromes associated with concurrent skin and joint inflammation frequently pose a therapeutic challenge for both dermatologists and rheumatologists. In part 1 of this review, we discussed psoriatic arthritis as well as the autoinflammatory disorders SAPHO syndrome, Still's disease and Behçet's disease. Part 2 will address rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome and Lyme borreliosis. In addition, we will discuss dermatomyositis and lupus erythematosus, two common autoimmune disorders that frequently present with both cutaneous and joint involvement. For each of the aforementioned disorders, we will highlight aspects of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment.

Bullous skin lesions in a 65‐year‐old man

“…Skin lesions reported in such cases consist of characteristic signs of DM such as erythema on the upper posterior back/neck (shawl sign), upper chest (V-neck sign), on the hips (holster sign), hyperpigmentation (poikiloderma) and centrofacial erythema. On the other hand, other typical skin manifestations, such as the characteristic violaceous periorbital edema (heliotrope sign), resulting in a pathognomonic teary facial expression, and ill-defined lichenoid erythematous papules overlying the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (Gottron papules), are missing [2,5]. In addition, our patient exhibited unusually rare cutaneous manifestations consistent with vesiculo-bullous/erythemato-edematous DM.…”

Wong‐type dermatomyositis with pulmonary involvement in a teenager: case report

“…Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune myositis syndrome with characteristic cutaneous involvement [1]. If the onset of this condition is before the age of 18, juvenile DM is diagnosed [2].…”

Persistent purplish discoloration and itch of the hands in a young Caucasian male

“…Chilblain lupus erythematosus (CHLE) is a rare form of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematous, characterized by purple, livedoid macules, papules and nodules involving the acral regions of the body [1]. Some cutaneous edema along with hyperkeratosis or central fissuration and ulceration of the lesions may be detected [2].…”