Skin Electrical Impedance Model for Evaluation of the Thickness and Water Content of the Stratum Corneum

Uehara, Osamu; Kusuhara, Toshimasa; Matsuzaki, K.; Yamamoto, Y.; Nakamura, Toshio

doi:10.14326/abe.11.98

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The depth of penetration varies depending on the type of test sample. When using interstitial fluid as the test sample, the invasion depth is typically greater than 2.3 µm, which corresponds to the thickness of the stratum corneum [192]. In the case of sampling blood, the sensor must be implanted into a superficial vein, usually in the upper limb, requiring a deeper level of invasion.…”

Section: Invasive Sensing Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Precision Medicine: Exploring Wearable Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Personalized Therapy

Liu

Xiao

et al. 2023

Biosensors

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Precision medicine, particularly therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), is essential for optimizing drug dosage and minimizing toxicity. However, current TDM methods have limitations, including the need for skilled operators, patient discomfort, and the inability to monitor dynamic drug level changes. In recent years, wearable sensors have emerged as a promising solution for drug monitoring. These sensors offer real-time and continuous measurement of drug concentrations in biofluids, enabling personalized medicine and reducing the risk of toxicity. This review provides an overview of drugs detectable by wearable sensors and explores biosensing technologies that can enable drug monitoring in the future. It presents a comparative analysis of multiple biosensing technologies and evaluates their strengths and limitations for integration into wearable detection systems. The promising capabilities of wearable sensors for real-time and continuous drug monitoring offer revolutionary advancements in diagnostic tools, supporting personalized medicine and optimal therapeutic effects. Wearable sensors are poised to become essential components of healthcare systems, catering to the diverse needs of patients and reducing healthcare costs.

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Section: Invasive Sensing Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Precision Medicine: Exploring Wearable Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Personalized Therapy

Liu

Xiao

et al. 2023

Biosensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Stratum corneum properties, including thickness and water content, provide information on skin barrier function. Currently, the most conventional measure of skin barrier integrity is transepidermal water loss (TEWL) but differing external environments can cause significant variability in measurements 4,5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the most conventional measure of skin barrier integrity is transepidermal water loss (TEWL) but differing external environments can cause significant variability in measurements. 4,5 Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is an efficient technique used to non-invasively characterize tissue; pathophysiological alterations to tissue cause changes in the flow of electrical current through the tissue under question. 6,7 EIS has advantages over other tissue characterizing techniques; Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis typically uses a single frequency of 50 kHz to estimate body composition whilst EIS involves multifrequency impedance analysis to provide more information on tissue properties.…”

Section: Introduction 1| Correlating Skin Impedance To Skin Barrier F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using electrocardiogram electrodes to monitor skin impedance spectroscopic response when skin is subjected to sustained static pressure

Owen

Hathaway

Lafferty

et al. 2023

Skin Health and Disease

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Background Impedance spectroscopy is a non‐invasive technique which can be used to monitor skin barrier function, with potential applications in early‐stage pressure ulcer detection. This paper describes how changes in skin impedance, due to mechanical damage of the stratum corneum by tape stripping or applied pressure, can be straightforwardly measured using commercial electrocardiogram electrodes and a relatively low‐cost impedance analyser. Two models of pressure injury were studied, an ex vivo porcine and in vivo human skin model. Objectives Determine whether impedance spectroscopy may have potential utility in measuring the effect on skin of applied pressure on early‐stage pressure injury. Methods Two models were utilized to measure the effect of pressure. Porcine model: 0, 7.5, 15 or 22.5 mmHg of pressure was applied for up to 24 h (N = 4) and monitored at various time intervals. Human Model: 88 mmHg of pressure was applied for four sets of three‐minute intervals (N = 13) and post‐pressure recovery was monitored for 4 h. For each model, skin impedance was monitored at 0.1 Hz–50 kHz using disposable Ag/AgCl electrodes. The data was analysed using Ordinary One‐Way Analysis of Variance. Results Porcine model: after 24 h, the impedance of pressure‐loaded skin was significantly reduced compared to the non‐loaded control group (p ≤ 0.0001); this reduction in impedance was proportional to the degree of mechanical loading. Histology images of skin cross‐sections provided qualitative evidence that the epidermis was structurally compromised by pressure. Human Model: the response of healthy skin to applied pressure displayed inter‐variation. Participants with a significant change in skin impedance (p ≤ 0.01) also demonstrated signs of erythema. Conclusions This study suggests that using impedance spectroscopy to measure skin (stratum corneum) resistance may have utility in giving early warning of skin pressure injury prior to clinical symptoms, with a good correlation between observed erythema and reduction in skin resistance. Further work should be initiated on patients at risk of pressure injury to improve intervention strategies, including in darker skin tones where early‐stage pressure injuries may not be visually distinct.

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Management of Infant Atopic Eczema to Prevent Severe Eczema and Food Allergy

Yamamoto‐Hanada,

Ohya

2024

Clin Experimental Allergy

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Early intervention and active management of infant atopic eczema may play a crucial role in limiting eczema severity and preventing the onset of immediate‐type food allergy. Eczema management involves education, skincare and medications targeting skin inflammation and barrier repair. Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of anti‐inflammatory therapy, with nonsteroidal options available for some infants. Proactive therapy, addressing subclinical inflammation, is useful for preventing eczema flares, especially in infants with recurrent eczema flares despite reactive therapy. In clinical practice, holistic consideration of overall infant and family health is essential. Providing advice on maternal stress management, nutritional guidance and recommendations for proper sleep and lifestyle is crucial for the well‐being of children and their families, not limited to eczema treatment alone.

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Skin Electrical Impedance Model for Evaluation of the Thickness and Water Content of the Stratum Corneum

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Revolutionizing Precision Medicine: Exploring Wearable Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Personalized Therapy

Revolutionizing Precision Medicine: Exploring Wearable Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Personalized Therapy

Using electrocardiogram electrodes to monitor skin impedance spectroscopic response when skin is subjected to sustained static pressure

Management of Infant Atopic Eczema to Prevent Severe Eczema and Food Allergy

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