Skin disorders associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic: A review

Abstract

In December 2019, a new coronavirus has emerged out of China, the SARS‐Cov‐2 virus, causing a disease known as COVID‐19, which steadily has progressed into a pandemic. This coronavirus affects many organs, including the skin, whose manifestations are a consequence of the disease itself, as well as the preventative measures taken to avoid the infection. This paper reviews the cutaneous manifestations which currently have been encountered during this pandemic. A search was conducted on PubMed, and all relevant articles were included. The results show the occurrence of many cutaneous findings, ranging from those related to the infection itself and to various dermatitides related to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) utilized by healthcare workers while attending to infected patients. Recognizing these findings is important for the accurate diagnosis of those infected with COVID‐19 as well as the prompt treatment of the side effects caused by PPE that might further impair the effectiveness of healthcare workers.

Nail and hair findings developing in patients treated for COVID‐19 infection fluorescence of keratinized tissues on Wood’s lamp in COVID‐19 disease

“…Besides many cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19 disease, there are case reports of nail findings 11–13 . As Akl et al 13 mentioned in their review, various nail findings (i.e., leukonycia, onychomadesis, and red half‐moon sign) may be observed in COVID‐19 pandemic. Neri et al 11 defined the “red half‐moon nail sign.” in which convex red‐colored changes in the nail at the distal edge of the lunula are observed.…”

“…Besides many cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19 disease, there are case reports of nail findings 11–13 . As Akl et al 13 mentioned in their review, various nail findings (i.e., leukonycia, onychomadesis, and red half‐moon sign) may be observed in COVID‐19 pandemic.…”

The development of acne vulgaris due to face masks during the pandemic, risk awareness and attitudes of a group of university students

“…There are valuable reviews evaluating dermatological diseases associated with COVID‐19 infection in the literature. 1 The disease appears to be transmitted by direct inhalation of contaminated droplets released into the environment by sneezing or coughing between individuals, or by the penetration of virus‐containing secretions into the oral, nasal, and eye mucosa by direct or indirect contact. Using masks, maintaining hand hygiene, and complying with social distancing rules can prevent the spread of the infectious disease.…”

Self‐cosmetic care during the COVID‐19 pandemic and its psychological impacts: Facts behind the closed doors

“…Skin health was also affected directly by COVID-19-related skin manifestations and indirectly by personal protective equipment-induced dermatitis. 10 People were at self-quarantine and working from home because of the lockdown at various parts of the world for a very long duration.…”